Chemistry
Organic Chemistry
benzene rings
aromatichydrocarbons
phenyl
naming aromatics
12th
Benzene: alternating double bonds in a cyclohexane. Drawn as a circle inside a hexane.
Use the benzene ring as the parent chain
“benzene” becomes the root
other rules remain the same
Use this method when the substituent is simple
Name the benzene ring as the substituent with the name “phenyl”
Use this method when the substituent is complex
Orthodimethylbenzene
Metadimethylbenzene
Paradimethylbenzene
Liquids of crystalline solids at room temperature
Non-polar
Insoluble in water
Aromatic hydrocarbons unlike alkanes are unsaturated, but they undergo substitution reactions like alkanes.
This is because the bonds are not alternating single-double bonds like in the structural diagram, but equal bonds in resonance.