Rocketry Notes

Chapter 1: Introduction

  • Motor Retention:
    • Metal clips prevent the motor from coming out.
    • Motor rotator is used on the pad to hold the motor.
    • Motor ejection involves blowing gas, which can cause problems due to Newton's third law.
    • Newton's third law: "You can only push on something as much as it resists your push."
    • Equal force applied in one direction results in an equal force in the opposite direction.
    • Tape is insufficient to hold the motor during ejection despite holding its weight.
  • Motor Casing Costs:
    • ARC casings: Approximately 90.
    • High power casings: Over 130.
    • K motor casings for SLI: Over 300.
    • Level three motor casings: 500.
    • Motor retention is crucial to prevent casing loss.
  • Fin Alignment:
    • Measure where the air flap goes to determine the bottom center line.
    • Measure the distance to ensure proper centering ring placement.
    • Centering rings should fit snugly between fin tabs.
    • Misalignment due to over sanding can prevent fin placement.
  • Gluing and Epoxy:
    • Superglue is used for quick initial adhesion.
    • Epoxy is applied for stronger, lasting strength during flight.
    • Apply superglue first, then epoxy over it.
    • Epoxy the inner ring and both sides.
    • Level one rockets typically need two centering rings; level two and above require three.

Chapter 2: Centering Ring

  • Knots:
    • Rocket knot: A quadruple knot threaded back through itself for secure fastening.
    • Bowline knot: Tightens as it's pulled, commonly used in SLI and scouting.
    • Avoid tying knots too tightly, as vibrations during flight can cause them to unwind.
  • Nut Security:
    • Secure nuts with epoxy to prevent them from unwinding due to vibrations during flight.
    • Ensure the cord is coming out the correct end before inserting and epoxying the motor mount.
  • Centering Ring Alignment:
    • Use Z-clips or screws as temporary handlebars to align the centering ring.
    • Do not glue the body weight on; focus on internal fillets.
  • Epoxy Fillets:
    • Apply epoxy fillets thoroughly to ensure the motor mount is securely glued in place.
    • Use a yardstick, barbecue skewer, or metal rod to create epoxy fillets around the hole outside.
    • After the epoxy dries, remove the temporary centering ring.
  • Fin Attachment:
    • Add an epoxy layer around the motor tube for extra structural support.
    • Simultaneously attach the fins, ensuring they are aligned.
    • Use a fin jig or paper with a drawn circle and measured lines to ensure fin alignment.
    • Apply epoxy fillets to all fin joints, with more epoxy on the inside than the outside.

Chapter 3: Bottom Ring Back

  • Inner Fillets:
    • Spend more time on inner epoxy fillets for high-power rockets.
    • After the epoxy dries, remove Z-clips or screws.
    • Add more epoxy, then push the ring completely flush with the fin tabs to ensure proper motor path operation.
  • Motor Tube Length:
    • Measure the length of the largest motor you plan to use and cut the motor tube accordingly to avoid unnecessary excess length.
  • Measurements:
    • Put on the arrow pack and measure where it goes, then measure for the centering ring above the motor pack.
    • Line up the fin taps and push down another centering ring.
    • For level one, two centering rings are fine; for higher levels, use three.
    • Apply superglue to hold the centering ring in place, then add epoxy for strength.
    • Insert the tube with one centering ring into the bottom section, ensuring the tube sticks out a bit for the AeroPak.
    • Align the fins and bottom centering ring, using screws as handlebars for alignment.
  • Internal Fillets
    • Epoxy the ring firmly inside, then remove the bottom ring.
    • Add internal fillets along the inner and outer tubes for added strength.
    • Align the fins using a drawn rocket diameter and protractor lines.
  • Final Assembly
    • Superglue the fins for alignment, then create internal fillets.
    • Put the bottom ring back on, sliding epoxy on the fins and pushing the ring all the way in.
    • Ensure the ring is pushed all the way down for the arrow path to fit, then add another epoxy layer.

Chapter 4: Put on Bottom

  • Bottom Rail Button:
    • Put on the bottom rail button, depending on its placement.
  • Centering Rings:
    • Do not over sand centering rings; tighter fits are better for alignment.
  • Nuts:
    • Secure nuts with epoxy to prevent loosening due to vibrations during high-power launches.
  • Couplers:
    • Epoxy acts as a lubricant for couplers, making sliding easier; apply epoxy to both the tube and coupler.
    • Ensure at least half of the coupler is inside the tube, following kit instructions for measurements.
  • Nose Cones:
    • Sand down the plastic ridge on the nose cone for a smooth finish.
  • Motors:
    • Use thrustcurve.com to find motors with a stable thrust curve.
    • Avoid motors with high impulse or long burn times.
    • Thrust-to-weight ratio should be at least 5:1.
    • Maintain a safe rail exit velocity of 50 feet per second off the pad (approximately 16.67 meters per second).
      *Fin Alignment:
      *The fins only work at a certain speed to help align the rocket to any can