Untitled Flashcards Set

Unit4 Review (1800 -1848)

• Overall: expanding role of the US in foreign affairs a transformation of society/econ in early years, growing democracy impulses"

Political Debates

  • Foreign Power: troubles w/ Barbary pirates attacking US
    → Jefferson retaliated → Almost war → reduced payment

  • Federal Power:
    → DR: restricting Fed Pawer street construction st view of cons → Federalist: expanding Fed Pawer, loose constructionists

  • Louisiana Purchase
    → Haitians regulated/won independence versus the French
    → James Monroe Sent, Napolean 801d for 15 mills 9's
    → Jefferson opposed expansion! (" roman: ')
    → Jefferson violated DR principles -tacted like lost cons

  • Corpsot discovery → Lewis/Clark (1804)
    → traveled up Missouri River → Pacific coast → Pike exploredSouthern territory
    →overall; more accurate mapping, diplomiticianation

Expansion of Fed Pouler Through Supreme Court

  • John Marshall: Cheif justice

  • Marbury v. Madison (1803) decided that under the judicial ary cot, Marbury deserved his commission established Judicial Review
    → increased power of the Supreme Court

  • 1819: MeCulloch us Maryland→ federal laws trump states

War of 1812

• Causes:

France/Britain tightening → us wanted to remain neutral → but French/British Kept seizing US ships

→ Westward Americans had conflicts with w/indians → They thought the British was involved

→ British Impressment w/ships

«Effect; June I812 → US declared war against Britain

LDA-for, Fed against

  • Federalists met at the Hartford Convention in 1814

  • wanted to end the war, they argued NE seceding Union consequences of wor

  • increase in intense nationalism

  • decrease in federalist power →out of touch with/ reality
    4 marked: Era of Good Feelings" under DR

* highlighted weaknesses of US

→ no national bank

→ no reliable means difficult to raise funds we have reliable

infrastructure trans-hard to move, dyin'

• fixing - Henny Clay's American Systemunifying econ)

  1. ) Federally funded internal improvements

  2. ) Implementation of protective tariffs

  3. ) Re-establish the 2nd Bank of the US

Continuation of Regional Tensiors

  • Continued westward expansion →Missauri applied for Statehood(519)
    → Tallmadge Amendment; prohibited slavery in Missouri → missouri= free → would break congressional balance

  • Clay's Compromise of 1850: missauri = slave, maine-free world stage
    → balance was preserved + 3630 line se perated Slave tromtee

  • major goals: fim up boundaries + gain more temiton

  • 1816: Monroe won → sent adams to settle claims

=，

→ spain sold forida to Us+ southern border

• Several south american countries gained their indep from Spain → Monroe Doctrine(1823): established western hemisphere a8 a US sphere of influence, perpeutally free from eures

Society and Economy at Home

• Market Revolation inking of northern industries with western and souther farms which was created by advances in agriculture, industryscommunication, and transportation

• Effects

→ New Teon: cottongin and spinning machine - revolutionized Southern agriculture and northem industry, interenangable parts- machines used to produce partsto be assembled L became basis for American Spotemo Manufacturing Steamboats- vessels can navigate both ways of river → Transportation: canals erie) - opened up navigation, hailnoads - granted icans tax breaks by gou

→ overall& ameriean industry became more interconnected

iety→ • North: industrial cities-t pop, Paiversity

1820-30:2 million immigrants (Germany Areland)

cneaplo.bor

overall: formed growing class of poor labomes

stenemens

  • Immigrants Culture
    → Jewishiestablished synagogue
    → Iri8h Catholics: expansion of catholic churc

  • Growing Middle-Classcbusnosmen, Shopkepers samal55
    → disposable income spent on leisure actiutties (plays)

  • womenircusedand sporting events)

"Cult of Domesticity - women

→ expecte and abide revel trona estige omen

→ husbans place was outside working (seperate spheresy

Laidnt extend to laver classes loe women had to

work to survive

Expansion of Democracy

  • Who could vote -white, property owning, males →working men began the want to vate

  • Panic of 1819: first MAJOR recession in US histor → camera forsapable banking practices + decreased → effects: working men demand the franchise (labors hit hack.

  • By 18 25but Host States lowered property qualification → led to grauth/re-allignment of political parties

• Election of 1824 → split in DR

→ National Republicansi expansive vein of fed, loose construel → Democrats: restrictive veiw of fed power, striet constrict

→ Dem=Jackson; NR = Adams/Clay Adams on major casteral the hase

Clay see stat

→ Jacksonians sauthis as a "corrupt bargain

• Election 1828 → party factions legit polítical parties

→ Dem=Jackson, NA= Adams

→Jackson won

whigs hamilton hi-

Jacksons use of Fed power

→ Democrats! Tackson, new - Whigs: clav main diff =scope cf ted pover

  • Tarrif of 1828→raised import duties up to 50%. → nother man=likes. saithers= hated (helied on imp)

  • 1852: reatimmed tarrif by congress→ "Tarrif of Abomination.
    → John C. Calhoun:south carblinia → Doctrine of Nullifica → the action of a state impeding on attempting to preven the operation and enforcement within it's territor, at a law of the fed gou
    →south held convention +they wouldn't pay → they would secede if they were forced

  • Jacksons veto of 2nd Bank of US
    →0g part of Clays system-+ banks could pay national
    "many people were left with worthiess pape
    → mone
    Jackson beleived it favored elite

  • Indian Removal Act 1830:
    → Cherokee: refused to be re-settled acress MAV

within

→ Treaty

" forced removal →1838 "Trail of Tears"

Distingt American Luture + Reform

  • languge/lit → Noah Webster (1828) → Ditionary
    Lused in schools, Standadize American langua

  • Philosophy tramn entalien unneces on ramanticism
    → Palph Waldo Emmerson: waden

  • Henry David Thoreau: Walden

  • Art→ Hudson River School imamanticized landscapes overall: effort tubards spritual renewal
    → utopian Communities:
    lived communaly requalida - group of christians whe

  • spiritual renewal→ 2nd Great Awakening
    → baptistmethadist → Camp Meetings u / fervor preacne
    → Spread to Cities →Charles Finne(Christian revival)

  • → diffi og-maratreformation, now -moral ref of Society

  • Sent begginings for temperance movement
    → American Temperance Society & bursnismer/clergy

  • set basis for innovations in christianfaith

→ Maronism: founded by Joseph Smith -all churches ha

trayed from teachings framag churc

→ Book of Mormon: poligimy →smith murdered

→ Birngham raung → theacracy on salt lake

Growing Movemental Abolitionism

• 1831: William Loyd Garrisons hewspaper - Liberator

Hangued white fol is need to take a stand against glavery by means at moral persuasion x violence

→ American Anti-slavery seciety

merchant feared a bolitionbe effects on trade

a women wanted to be effective for more campaigns, more rights needed

→1848: Seneca falls convention

→ decleration of Sentiments: "Called for womens equality

  • South, post 1830 →westward
    → wealthy plantation aristocracy (harsh dicipline)
    → Slaves tremained Cultural aspects (songs)
    Downers scared be slave uprising harsh
    → 1831: Na+ Turners Bebellion
    Islave revolt VA, increase more slave rebellions
    → harder restriction
    →most wnite southerners yeoman farmers indepand

  • west moving → exhausted soil