Professional Education Notes
Professional Education
Keywords
- Idealism: Spiritual, values, ideal.
- Realism: Science.
- Empiricism: Senses.
- Naturalism: Innate.
- Existentialism: Choice, decision, unique.
- Essentialism: Specialization, basic, fundamental.
- Perennialism: Classic, literature, traditional.
- Pragmatism: Activation of skills.
- Progressivism: Child-centered.
- Epicureanism: Perfection.
- Agnosticism: Atheist, unknown.
- Stoicism: Passionate emotions.
- Hedonism: Pleasure.
- Humanism: Humans.
- Constructivism: Prior knowledge activation.
- Reconstructionism: Solution to problem.
- Scholasticism: Rationalization of church.
Theories
- Stages of Development: Jean Piaget, thinking.
- Cognitivism: Discovery learning, Jerome Bruner, concrete to abstract.
- Behaviorism: Environment, Watson.
- Connectionism: Classroom environment, Thorndike.
- Humanism: Carl Rogers, child-centered.
- Operant Conditioning: Reinforcement/punishment, Skinner.
- Classical Conditioning: Habit and stimuli.
- Meaningful Learning: Conceptual, graphic organizers, Ausubel.
- Insightful Learning: Activation of prior knowledge, problem-solving, Kohler.
- Moral Development: Value formation, Kohlberg.
- Need Theory: Needs, Maslow.
- Attachment Theory: Caregiver, John Bowlby.
- Identity Statuses: James Marcia, confusion.
- Field Theory: Internal and external environment.
- Bioecological: System of environment, Bronfenbrenner.
- Choice Theory: Glasser, decision.
- Social Learning: Bandura, modeling.
- Socio-Cultural: Vygotsky, scaffolding, more knowledgeable other (MKO).
Commonly Used Terms
- Metacognition: Thinking about thinking.
- Recitation: Thinking aloud.
- Schooling: System controlled by teacher.
- Rebus: Making a poem out of a concept.
- Indoctrination: Religion, without addition nor subtraction.
- KASH: Knowledge, Attitudes, Skills, and Habits.
- KCAASE: Blooms Taxonomy.
- CS Scanned with CamScanner
Questions and Answers
- Medium of instruction during Spanish era: Spanish and Vernacular.
- Government program for students not accommodated in public schools to enroll in private schools: Government Assistance Program (GAP).
- CHED program: Study Now Pay Later.
- Integrated Approach in both secondary and primary level: Basic Education Curriculum (BEC).
- 1980s foremost education issue: Bilingual Education.
- Supports equal access but might compromise quality: Open Admission.
- Government education program, Placement Test for adults and out of school youth: Equitable Access Development.
- College students required to take constitution course to: Develop students into responsible and thinking citizens.
- Education institution effort of developing work skills include the schools are aim at: Developing vocational efficiency.
- Seeking help from classmates when a problem occurs exemplifies: Interpersonal Intelligence.
- Dysfunctional family is an: Emotional Factor.
- A child who is cold towards people may have failed to attain: Trust.
- Philippine Education during the Spanish Regime emphasized: Religious Instruction.
- Uttering a bad word relates to: Distinguishing right from wrong.
- Boy closer and girl closer relates to: Phallic Stage.
- Objective of continuous progression scheme in elementary in 1970-71: Mass Promotion.
- Fullest/highest: Self-Actualization.
- First American Teachers: Thomasites.
- Reward: Reinforcement.
- PRC (LET): RA 7836.
- Thomasites: Disembarked from CSI called Thomas.
- Erikson said that child aged 3-5 is most likely: Eco-centric.
- Child who always fights classmates with a very short attention span may have: ADHD.
- Adopted to provide universal access to basic learning to eradicate illiteracy: EFA (Education for All).
- Free public education Article XIV Sec. 2: These levels provide the foundation for life functions and role.
- Philippine Education during the revolution period: Establishment Nationhood.
- Shy: Introvert.
- METACOGNITIVE/METACOGNITION: Thinking about their thinking.
- Jean Jacques Rousseau's philosophy relates to: Dealing with misbehavior students.
- Jean-Jacques Rousseau said that: Everyone is essentially good.
- How teacher uphold high standard of the teaching profession?: Continuously improving themselves.
- Colonial Mentality: Foreigners are Superior.
- Learning to know: Facilitator.
- Pattern of acquiring values is based on values are: Caught not taught.
- Progressivist: Dewey.
- Free movement time allotment: Flexible.
- Activities ahead of time are considered: Emergency activity/filler.
- Normal practice followed in the classroom: Routine.
- DECS changes to DepEd: RA 9155.
- Teacher controlled his off talk giving him direct contact: Classroom Management.
- Center of Excellence: CHED.
- Integral part of teaching process: Classroom Management.
- BP Blg. 232: Shall establish, maintain…
- Cluster remote stand-alone school is under one lead school ahead strong influence: Geographical.
- Failure of ended: Dependence on higher authority.
- President Fidel Ramos: EFA (Education for All).
- Bottom-up management style involves: Involvement of students, parents, teacher, and community in school.
- : Gender Equality in Education.
- Learning to Know: Understanding.
- : Gender Equality.
- Realia: Feasible.
- Learning to live together:
- Ex. Volcanoes erupted: Mock-up.
- Topic Discuss Earth: Model.
- With-it-ness: Jacob Kounin - Aware of what is happening in the classroom.
- Orderly Transition: Materials readily available.
- Nearest from the real thing: Edgar Dale - Cone of Experience - Watching a demo.
- Referent power: Feeling of trust and acceptance.
- Routine Activities: Establish on first day of school.
- Low profile classroom technique: Manage Misbehavior.
Foundations of Education
- John Locke: English philosopher and physician, "Father of Liberalism"; emphasis on forming character (mental, physical, and moral); viewed education as training of the mind/formal discipline; Notable idea - "Tabula rasa".
- Francis Bacon: English philosopher, statesman, scientist, jurist, orator, and author. "Father of scientific method" and "Father of empiricism”.
- Jean Jacques Rousseau: Francophone Genevan philosopher, writer, and composer of the 18th century. Believed in holistic education (physical, moral, intellectual); Notable ideas - moral simplicity of humanity, child-centered learning; Famous novel: "Emile" or On Education; Focused on Human Development.
- Edgar Dale: American educator who developed the "Cone of Experience" - also known as the "Father of Modern Media in Education".
- Erik Erikson: German-born American developmental psychologist and psychoanalyst known for his theory on "psychosocial development" of human beings.
- Johann Heinrich Pestalozzi: Swiss pedagogue and educational reformer who exemplified Romanticism in his approach, focusing on the "Social regeneration of humanity"; Notable ideas: "Four-sphere concept of life" - his motto was "Learning by head, hand, and heart".
- Friedrich Frobel: German pedagogue and student of Pestalozzi who laid the "foundation of modern education" based on the recognition that children have unique needs and capabilities; deemed the "Father of Kindergarten”.
- Johann Herbart: German philosopher, psychologist and founder of pedagogy as an academic discipline.
- Edward Lee Thorndike: American psychologist; "Father of Modern educational psychology"; known for connectionism and the law of effect; aimed to "Realize the fullest satisfaction of human wants".
Principles & Theories of Learning & Motivation
- Psychosexual Theory/Psychoanalysis: Sigmund Freud
- Psychosocial Theory: Erik Erikson's Theory of Personality
- Ecological Theory: Urie Brofenbrenner's Theory of Development
- Sociohistoric Cognitive Linguistic Theory: Lev Semanovich Vygotsky
- Cognitive Development: Jean Piaget, John Dewey, Jerome Bruner
- Phenomenology: Abraham Maslow, Carl Rogers, Louis Raths
- Behaviorism: Edward Thorndike, Ivan Pavlov, Burrhus Frederick Skinner
- Moral Development: Lawrence Kohlberg
- Ivan Pavlov: Classical conditioning
- Edward Thorndike: Connectionism
- B.F. Skinner: Operant conditioning & reinforcement
- Albert Bandura: Bobo doll experiment, modeling, self-efficacy
- David Ausubel: Meaningful Reception Theory
- Jerome Bruner: Discovery Learning Theory/Inquiry method
- Wolfgang Kohler: Insight Learning Problem
- Richard Atkinson & Richard Shiffrin: Information Processing Theory
- Robert Gagné: Cumulative Learning Theory
- Howard Gardner: Multiple Intelligence
- Kurt Lewin: Field Theory/ his concept of life space
- Urie Brofenbrenner: Ecological System Theory
- Lev Vygotsky: Social Constructivism; Zone of Proximal Development (ZPD) * gap between actual and potential development
- Hilda Taba: Grassroots Approach
- Max Wertheimer: Gestalt Psychology
- Wilhelm Wundt: "Father of Modern Psychology"
- William James: Wrote the "Principles of psychology/ consciousness"
- Hypothalamus - brain's stress center
- Abraham Maslow: physiological needs; "Maslow's Hierarchy of Needs"; safety&security; love & belongingness; self-esteem; self-actualization
- John B. Watson: (behaviorist approach) - an American psychologist who established the psychological school of behaviorism.
- Queen Elizabeth I: Sometimes called The Virgin Queen, Gloriana, or Good Queen Bess, Elizabeth was the last monarch of the House of Tudor. (born September 7, 1533, Greenwich, near London, England-died March 24, 1603, Richmond, Surrey)
Republic Acts
- RA 7836: Philippine Teacher Professionalization Act of 1994
- RA 7796: TESDA Act of 1994
- Article XIV 1987 Philippine Constitution (Educ. Sci & Tech, Arts, Culture & Sports): Fundamental legal basis of education in the Philippines.
- Education Act of 1982 (Batas Pambansa 232, Sept 11, 1982): Act providing for the Establishment & Maintenance of an Integrated System of Education
- RA 4670: Magna Carta for Public School Teachers (June 18, 1966)
- RA 6713: Code of Conduct & Ethical Standards For Public Officials and Employees
- RA 7877: Anti-sexual Harassment Act of 1995
- RA 9155: Decentralization; Legal basis of Shared Governance in Basic Education
- RA 7784: Establishment of Center of Excellence
- RA 10533: K-12 Curriculum Enhanced Basic Education Curriculum
- RA 90210: An Act to Integrate Information Technology into the Public Elementary & Secondary Curricula & Appropriating Funds
- RA 10121: DRMM approval headed by OCO office of Civil defense May 2010
- RA 9994: "Expanded Senior Citizens Act of 2003"
Filipino
- Ang panubong: Handog sa dalagang may kaarawan (koronang bulaklak).
- Florante at Laura: (awit) "katiwalian ng mga kastila".
- Jose dela Cruz: Tungkod ng tulang tagalog.
- Noli Me Tangere: (Rizal) suliraning panlipunan ng bayan.
- "Doktrina Kristiyana": Fr. Domingo de Nieva - unang aklat na nalimbag sa Pilipinas.
- Severino Reyes: Ama ng dulaang tagalog.
- Juan Luna: La Spolarium.
- "Alim": Pinakamatandang epiko ng Pilipinas.
- Jose Palma: Naglikha ng "Himno Nacional Filipino".
- Liwayway: Nabigyan ng pagpapahalaga ang sariling wika.
- Lope K. Santos: "Ama ng balarila ng Pilipino".
- Andres Bonifacio: "Anak bayan".
- Pupdok/Kinting kulirat: Hindi kailanman ginamit ni Marcelo del Pilar.
- Teodoro Agoncillo: Isang kilalang manunulat ng kasaysayan.
- Manuel Quezon: Ama ng Wikang Pambansa.
- Constancio de Guzman: Lumikha ng awit na "Ang Bayan Ko".
- Pascual Poblete: Ama ng pahayagang tagalog.
Literature
- Folklore: Traditionally derived and orally transmitted literature.
- Folktales: Reflect the people's beliefs handed down from generation to generation by word of mouth.
- Epilogue: Conclusion or final part of non-dramatic literary work.
- Genre: Distinctive type of literary composition such as epic, tragedy, comedy & novel.
- "Quo Vadis": Means "where are you going".
- Hieroglyphics: Oldest form of Egyptian writing.
- Allegory: Narrative whose meaning is beneath the surface.
- Elegy: A meditated poem of grief.
- Sonnet: Verse w/14 iambic pentameter lines.
- Haiku: Japanese poetry consisting of 3 lines, 17 syllables.
- Epic: Long poem which depicts the adventure of a great hero who reveals his country's aspirations; narrates heroic deeds and supernatural happenings with local actor in which people sing/chant.
- Soliloquy: Speech made by a person who reveals his thoughts.
- Manuel Arcilla: "How my brother Leon brought home a wife".
- Washington Irving: "The Legend of a Sleepy Hollow".
- "Fall of the House of Usher": Hypochondriac living in morbid fear.
- "Cyrano de Bergerac": Poet & soldier noted for his peculiar nose.
- "The Illiad of Homer": Great epic poem whose plot centers around the anger & wrath of Achilles against Agamemnon.
- "The Bells": "If eyes are made for seeing, then beauty is its own excuse for being".
- Cacophony: Literary term which means harsh & discordant sounds introduced for poetic effect.
- George Bernard Shaw: Known for his excellence of characterization, swiftness of narrative & clarity of style.
- Edgar Allan Poe: Greatest American writer of horror and detective stories.
- Rabindranath Tagore: Best known for his collection of poems called Gitanjali/song offerings.
- Robert Frost: Ranked as one of the best modern American poets.
- Geoffrey Chaucer: Morning Star of English Literature.
- Mark Twain: Samuel Clemens.
- Harriet Stowe: "Uncle Tom's Cabin".
- Charles Darwin: Origin of Species.
- Lazlo Biro: Invented the ballpoint pen.
- Harry Potter: Epic kind of story.
Vocabulary
- Emulate: Imitate
- Vouchsafe: Grant
- Abeyance: Suspended
- Denigrate: Malign
- Furtive: Sneaky
- Remonstrate: Protest
- Corroborate: Confirm
- Gullible: Easily deceived
- Germane: Relevant
- Plebeian: Common
- Vulpine: Cunning
- Spendthrift: Spender
- Impolitic: Unwise
- Terse: Concise
- Parsimonious: Stingy
- Stupefy: Make numb
- Pariah: Outcast
- Wizened: Shrivelled
- Dubious: Doubtful
- Incriminates: Accuse
- Frivolous: Worthless
- Susceptible: Inclined
- Impertinent: Irrelevant
- Ostracized: Excluded
- Conglomeration: Diffusion
- Cacophonous: Loud and unpleasant
- Carnal: Worldly
- Aplomb: Composure
- Candor: Honesty
- Contemptuous: Scornful
- Feeble: Weak
- Inevitable: Certain