Active Directory

  • Active Directory is the foundation of most corporate networks.

  • It includes a database of configured network elements, such as users, computers, and printers.

  • Centralizes authentication by verifying user credentials against stored data.

  • Simplifies access control by assigning permissions to users or groups.

  • Commonly used for password resets and account management in IT support roles.

  • Often used interchangeably with the term 'Windows domain'.

  • A Windows domain is a named collection of users, computers, and printers with a central database accessed via Active Directory.

  • This setup provides a central point for network troubleshooting and information.

  • Organizational Units (OUs) manage large numbers of users/computers by grouping them.

    • OUs can be structured by department, location, etc., to apply specific policies.

    • Policies can be applied to OUs to manage settings for users in different buildings or sites.

  • Group Policy Management tool configures OUs; examples include Milky Way, Pegasus, and Stations OUs.

    • Demonstrates hierarchical OU structures for policy application.

  • Active Directory Users and Computers displays users and computers in each OU.

  • Login scripts automate tasks such as drive mapping or printer sharing upon user login.

    • Scripts are assigned to OUs in Group Policy Management under User Configuration.

  • Example shows mapping a drive for users in the Atlantis OU via a login script.

    • A batch file is created to map a network drive (G:) using the net use command.

    • The script is added to the group policy, which then maps the drive upon user login.

  • Group Policy Editor modifies many Windows settings, including login scripts and system appearance.

  • Group Policy Management provides overall management of devices and users across the domain.

  • gpupdate utility applies policy changes without requiring a logoff; /force updates all policies.

  • Centralizing user files on a network drive allows for easier data backup and recovery.

    • User profile settings can be modified to direct the home location to a network share.

    • Requires users to save files to the home folder, but Group Policy can enforce this.

  • Active Directory Users and Computers utility is used to configure profiles.

    • The Profile tab is used to change the Home Folder location.

    • A variable (%username%) is used to create individual home folders for each user.

  • Folder redirection moves local folders (e.g., Documents) to a network server.

    • Group Policy under User Configuration manages folder redirection.

    • Offline file access ensures availability of files on laptops when disconnected from the network.

  • A new GPO is created for Documents Redirection under the Atlantis OU.

    • Basic redirection sends all users' Documents folders to the same network location.

    • The root path is set to a shared folder (SGC Home) with a username subdirectory.

  • gpupdate is used to apply the new policy, though a logoff/logon may be required.

  • Security groups manage user rights and permissions efficiently.

    • Instead of configuring individual users, add them to groups with predefined permissions.

    • Examples include Shipping and Receiving and Shipping and Receiving Managers groups.

  • Active Directory Users and Computers shows existing groups like Users, Guests, etc.

    • New groups can be created to customize domain management and permissions.