Heart

anatomy of the heart

right side

  • deoxygenated blood

  • pulmonary circuit

    • sending blood right back to the lung

left side

  • oxygenated bood

  • systemic circuit

    • sending 02 blood to the rest of your body

top half

  • receives blood

  • atria

bottom half

  • send out blood

  • ventricles

right atrium

  • receives de 02 blood

left atrium

  • receives 02 blood

right ventricle

  • sends de 02 blood

left ventricle

  • send 02 blood

Location

  • in mediastinum between second rib and fith intercostal space

coverings of the heart

  • pericardium: water ballon type stuff

clinical connection

  • pericarditis

    • inflammation of pericardium

    • roughens membrane surfaces causing pericardial friction rub

    • stab you through your chest and draw the fluid out

Layers of the heart wall

  • epicardium

  • myocardium

  • endocardium

gross anatomy of the heart

internal features

  • two superior atria

  • two inferior ventricles

  • interatrial septum: separates atria

  • inter ventricular septum: separate ventricle

surface features

  • coronary sulcus

  • anterior inter-ventricular sulcus

  • posterior interventricular sulcus

chambers of atria

right atrium: receives de 02 blood
key veins of the right atrium

  • superior vena cava: blood from top half of your body into your heart

  • inferior vena cava: blood from lower half of your body into your heart

  • coronary sinus: returns blood from coronary veins

left atrium: receives 02 blood

  • ventricles: the discharging chambers

  • trabecular carneae: to have some texture to allow heart to hold a little bit more blood

  • papillary mucles

major arteries

  • aorta: largest artery

heart valves: keeps blood moving in one direction
two major valves

  • atrioventricular valve: between atria and ventricle

  • semilunar valves: between ventricles and major arteries

  • two semilunar valves: prevent backflow from major arteries back to ventricle

clinical connection


incompetent valves

  • backflow

valvular stenosis

  • stiff flaps that constrict opening

bloodflow pathway

right side of the heart