mini unit 3 quiz

longships,estuaries and rivers to raid and conquer locals

Vinland,Norse Vikings discovered and temporarily settled

Iceland and Greenland,formed permanent settlements

Novgorod,Helped established and develop growing trade networks and trade cities such as ____ in Northern Europe, and bolstered Mediterranean commerce

Mongolian Empire,emerged from the unification of several nomadic tribes in the Mongol homeland

Genghis Khan,whom council had proclaimed ruler of all Mongols in 1206

Mongolian and Turkic horseback riders,formed the backbone of the Empire's military, and their tactics—centered on encirclement and faux-retreats—devastated enemy armies

Kublai Khan,the last to lead a semi-united empire—the empire fragmented

Golden Horde, Chagatai, Ilkhanate, and Yuan Dynasty,smaller states ruled by a regional khan; these khans warred intermittently with one another, and greatly weakened Mongol control

Black Death,disease killed an estimated total of 75-200 million people—20-40% of the world's population at the time

Great Zimbabwe,city in the south-eastern hills of Zimbabwe; it was the capital of the Kingdom of Zimbabwe- a kingdom that thrived due to trading native gold and ivory

Swahili coast,the city formed part of a trade network extending as far as China

Zagwe dynasty,ruled many parts of present-day Ethiopia and Eritrea between the early 12th and late 13th century until their defeat at the hands of the Solomonic dynasty in 1270 AD

Solomonic dynasty,governed the Ethiopian Empire; the empires of Ethiopia were, and remain, largely Christian with a sizable Islamic minority

Hausa kingdoms,a collection of states started by the Hausa people, situated between the Niger River and Lake Chad

Hausaland,a political and cultural region as a result of the westward expansion of Hausa peoples

Kano,the most powerful city-state; the base for the trans-Saharan trade in salt, cloth, leather, and grain

Champa kingdoms,collection of independent Cham polities that extended across the coast of what is today central and southern Vietnam from 2nd-19th century CE

Khmer Empire/ Angkor Empire,existed as a Hindu-Buddhist empire in Southeast Asia from 802-1431 CE

Angkor,in present-day Cambodia, which was the site a major capital city during the empire's zenith

Shiva and Vishnu,Hindu deities

Angkor Wat temple,grand architectural work

Srivijaya,vast, dominant maritime Indonesian kingdom based

on the island of Sumatra

Majapahit Empire,maritime Empire in Southeast Asia that was largely responsible for the fall of the Srivijaya in 1290

Venice,formed trade agreements with the Byzantine Empire and select Muslim states; established the world's first bank houses and using their wealth to create a large, powerful navy

Malacca,placed at a trading a choke-point; utilized shipbuilding and naval power

Timbuktu,major city-state, benefiting primarily trade with caliphates via the Trans-Saharan trade routes following the domestication of camels and use of caravans

Swahili city-states,City where gold+ivory where exported from

Kashgar,served as an oasis trading post and strategically-important city along the Silk Roads between China, the Middle East, and Europe

Samarkand,city that prospered from its location on the Silk Road between China and the Mediterranean

Maya,Mesoamerican people that established a series of city-states in the Yucatan Peninsula and the greater modern Mexico, Guatemala, & Belize area

chinampas,"floating gardens"; cultivation of marshland and lake

islands

Montezuma II,Aztec leader

Cusco,wealthy Incan imperial capital city