Health-and-Illness

Health: A state of complete physical, mental, and social well-being, not merely the absence of disease.
Illness: A unique response of a person to a disease.
Wellness: An active state oriented toward maximizing the potential of the individual; a state of well-being.

Physical dimension: Influenced by genetic inheritance, age, developmental level, race, and gender.
Emotional dimension: How the mind affects body function and responds to body conditions.
Intellectual dimension: Cognitive abilities, educational background, and past experiences.
Environmental dimension: Housing, sanitation, climate, pollution of air, food, and water.
Sociocultural dimension: Economic level, lifestyle, family, and culture.
Spiritual dimension: Spiritual beliefs and values.

Political: Leadership style, management, and participation in decision-making.
Environment: All conditions and elements influencing health and health practices of clients.
Economic: Production, distribution, consumption of goods and services, and their impact on health.
Cultural: Nonphysical traits like values, beliefs, attitudes, and customs shared and inherited by groups.
Social: The relationship between clients and care providers.

Health Care System: Totality of services offered by all health disciplines to provide care to the ill and injured.

Primary prevention: Health promotion and illness prevention.
- Health Promotion: Behavior aimed at increasing well-being and actualizing health potential (Pender, Murdaugh, Parsons).
- Disease Prevention: Behavior aimed at avoiding illness, early detection, or maintaining functionality despite illness (Pender, Murdaugh, Parsons).
Secondary prevention: Focuses on diagnosis and treatment of diseases.
Tertiary prevention: Includes rehabilitation, health restoration, and palliative care.