the human body in defence against disease

Human Body in Defence Against Disease

Central Idea

The human body has several defence mechanisms to protect itself against diseases.

Main Branches

1. Innate Immunity
2. Adaptive Immunity

Innate Immunity

• Non-Specific Defence Mechanisms
  • Physical Barriers
  • Skin
  • Mucous Membranes
  • Chemical Barriers
  • Enzymes
  • Acids
  • Saliva
  • Cellular Defences
  • Phagocytes
  • Natural Killer Cells
  • Inflammation

Adaptive Immunity

• Specific Defence Mechanisms
  • Humoral Immunity
  • B Cells
  • Antibodies
  • Cell-Mediated Immunity
  • T Cells
  • Cytokines

Sub-branches

• B Cells
  • Plasma Cells
  • Memory Cells
• T Cells
  • Helper T Cells
  • Cytotoxic T Cells
  • Memory T Cells
• Phagocytes
  • Neutrophils
  • Macrophages
• Inflammation
  • Redness
  • Swelling
  • Heat
  • Pain
• Humoral Immunity
  • Primary Response
  • Secondary Response
• Cell-Mediated Immunity
  • Helper T Cells
  • Cytotoxic T Cells
  • Memory T Cells
• Natural Killer Cells
  • Perforin
  • Granzymes

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%%phagocytes%% are a type of white blood cell that %%engulf%% %%pathogens%%. Phagocytes %%break down enzymes%% that are in pathogens destroying the unhealthy cell.

%%Lymphocytes%% are also a type of white blood cell. Lymphocytes %%release antibodies%% to %%remove antigens,%% this may take a while and you might fall ill during this time.

Some pathogens produce toxins which make you feel ill. %%Lymphocytes can also produce antitoxins to neutralise these toxins.%%