COMPOSTING reviewer

Organic Farming

  • Definition: Cultivation of plants and rearing of animals using natural methods.

  • Key Principles:

    • Utilization of biological materials.

    • Avoidance of synthetic substances.

    • Maintenance of soil fertility.

    • Promotion of ecological balance.

    • Minimization of pollution and wastage.

Composting

  • Definition: Method for decomposing organic solid wastes in a controlled manner.

  • Importance: Helps convert waste into useful compost, enriching soil health.

Types of Composting

Anaerobic Composting

  • Description: Decomposition of organic matter by microorganisms that do not require oxygen.

  • Characteristics:

    • Typically done in trenches or pits.

    • Longer time required compared to aerobic composting.

    • Often produces strong odors.

Aerobic Composting

  • Description: Decomposition of organic matter using microorganisms that require oxygen.

Vermi Composting

  • Definition: A composting process involving various species of worms (e.g., red wigglers, white worms).

  • Process:

    • Creates a mixture of decomposing vegetable or food waste, bedding materials, and vermicast.

Bokashi Composting

  • Definition: A type of composting where food scraps and organic waste are sealed in an airtight container.

  • Process:

    • Periodically drain off the liquid until the scraps ferment and are ready for composting.

Stages of Bokashi Composting

Stage 1

  • Description: Initial collection and preparation of food scraps and organic waste.

Stage 2

  • Description: Transfer to a second tub for fermentation.

Stage 3

  • Description: Final stages where leachates are collected for potential use in gardening.

Ingredients for Fermented Fruit Juice (FFJ)

  • 1/4 kg of sweet ripe fruit and/or root crop.

  • 1/8 kg of raw sugar or molasses.

  • Porous paper (e.g., newspaper, cardboard).

  • Chopping board.

  • Empty pail or container (7-10 liters capacity).

  • Empty bottles with lids.

  • Marking pen.

Ingredients for Fermented Plant Juice (FPJ)

  • 1 kg of fast-growing local plants (e.g., kangkong, legumes, grasses).

  • 1 kg of raw sugar or molasses.

  • Porous paper (e.g., newspaper, cardboard).

  • Chopping board.

  • Empty pail or container (7-10 liters capacity).

  • Empty bottles with lids.

  • Marking pen.

Ingredients for Fish Amino Acid (FAA)

  • Types of Fish: Blue-colored fish such as bluefin tuna, yellowtail, mackerel, sardine, anchovy, and salmon.

    • Rich in protein, vitamins, amino acids, and essential fatty acids.

  • 1 kg of raw sugar or molasses.

  • Porous paper (e.g., newspaper, cardboard).

  • Empty pail or container (7-10 liters capacity).

  • Empty bottles with lids.

  • Marking pen.

Application

  • How to Use FFJ: Dissolve 2 tablespoons of Fermented Fruit Juice in 1.5 liters of water for use as a spray.

Conclusion

  • Thank you for your attention!