Forests
Forests: a community of interacting species organized by structural elements and species composition that preform specific functions
Structure= physical aspects (i.e trees)
Tiaga Boreal
northeren hemisphere
cold temp
cold tolerant confierous species
Ex: spruce, fir
Temperate
high amounts of precipitation
temp ranges—> seasons
Suptropical
Between tropics

Forest Components
Canopy cover
Ground vegetation
Vertical structure
Basal area
Succession

Intermediate Disturbance Hypothesis


Long Leaf Pine Forests
Slow growing
Looks like a park
40 species in 1m²
Up to 170 species in 0.25 acres

Dependent upon fire
Key stone species: gopher tortoises
What Happens in Clearcuts
Direct mortality
Desiccation
Leave: -41% of salamanders migrated from clearcut edges
Wait
Predation
Decreased food resources
Other Harvesting Methods
understory removal— herbicide
Group selection
Leave-tree
Shelterwood