Types of Speech According to Purpose Delivery

Public Speaking Overview

  • Definition: Public speaking is the act of addressing a sizable audience, involving a single speaker and listeners.

  • Classification of speeches:

    • According to purpose

    • According to delivery **

Classification According to Purpose

  • Three basic types of speeches:

    1. Expository/Informative Speech

    2. Persuasive Speech

    3. Entertainment Speech

Expository/Informative Speech

  • Purpose: To provide information to the audience, expanding their knowledge on familiar topics.

  • Types of Expository/Informative Speeches:

    1. Descriptive Speech

      • Example topics: Description of the tallest person, buildings, or symptoms of illnesses.

    2. Explanation Speech

      • Example topics: Explaining global warming, the idea of romanticism, or the term opportunity cost in economics.

    3. Demonstration Speech

      • Example topics: Explaining how soap is made, how to track animals, or how to create a compelling résumé.

    4. Reportorial Speech

      • Example topics: Reporting on the papal visit or national elections.

  • Characteristics of Expository/Informative Speech:

    • Credible

    • Accurate

    • Clear

    • Memorable

Persuasive Speech

  • Purpose: Aims to influence the audience to accept the speaker's position.

  • Examples include sales pitches, political talks, business presentations, and debates.

  • Types of Persuasive Speech:

    1. Convincing Speech

      • Purpose: To persuade the audience to adopt a specific viewpoint.

    2. Actuation Speech

      • Purpose: To urge the audience to take a specific action immediately.

Guidelines for Writing a Persuasive Speech

  1. Determine your goal.

  2. Know your audience.

  3. Organize the information effectively.

  4. Provide strong evidence.

Entertainment Speech

  • Purpose: To amuse the audience and create a jovial atmosphere, while it can also inform or persuade.

  • Techniques for making a speech entertaining:

    • Tell a funny or scary story.

    • Use anecdotes.

    • Relate personal experiences.

    • Incorporate drama through narration and dialogue.

    • Use sarcasm and exaggeration.

Guidelines for Writing an Entertainment Speech

  1. Know your audience.

  2. Decide on a topic or theme.

  3. Start with an attention-grabber.

  4. Use simple language and vivid descriptions.

  5. Use humor effectively.

  6. Incorporate appropriate nonverbal cues.

Classification According to Delivery

  • Four basic types of speeches:

    1. Manuscript Speech

    2. Memorized Speech

    3. Impromptu Speech

    4. Extemporaneous Speech

Manuscript Speech

  • Definition: The speaker reads from a prepared text, which can be written by themselves or others.

  • Most advantageous for:

    1. Public figures

    2. Media personalities

    3. Spokespersons for organizations.

Guidelines for Reading from a Manuscript

  1. Outline and write your speech effectively.

  2. Format your speech properly.

  3. Practice your delivery.

  4. Vary your voice dynamics.

  5. Engage with the audience through eye contact.

Memorized Speech

  • Definition: The speech is committed to memory, bearing the risk of sounding mechanical.

Tips for Delivering a Memorized Speech

  1. Keep it short.

  2. Practice thoroughly.

  3. Visualize your delivery.

  4. Project your voice.

  5. Use pauses effectively.

Impromptu Speech

  • Definition: Delivered with little to no preparation, generally brief and unrehearsed.

Tips for Impromptu Speech Delivery

  1. Think before speaking.

  2. Utilize the three major parts of a speech.

  3. Identify your main point.

  4. Use signposts throughout.

  5. Keep the speech concise.

  6. Maintain confidence during delivery.

Extemporaneous Speech

  • Definition: Prepared with an outline or notes, allowing for elaboration using one's own words during delivery.

Pointers for Preparing and Delivering an Extemporaneous Speech

  1. Prepare an outline or notes.

  2. Rehearse using your prepared materials.

  3. Speak in a natural manner.

  4. Pay attention to audience feedback and nonverbal cues.

Principles of Speech Writing

  • Key aspects:

    • Choosing an appropriate topic

    • Analyzing the audience

    • Sourcing relevant information

    • Outlining and organizing the speech contents.