Management Functions and Ethics Overview
Controlling Function of Management
- Definition of Controlling: Monitoring and correcting performance to meet organizational goals and objectives.
- Dependency: Relies on clearly defined goals, objectives, and key indicators set during planning.
Key Indicators
- Purpose: Used to evaluate performance against best practice criteria.
- Monitoring Progress: Helps ensure activities align with goals; corrective action is necessary if performance slips.
- Performance Appraisals: Method for controlling individual performance; requires established key performance indicators.
- Benchmarking: Compare performance with similar facilities; analyze underlying processes for data insights.
- Department Budgets: Serve as control tools post-approval; monitor spending monthly to avoid budget overruns.
- Dashboards: Visual reports consolidating key indicators; provide easy access to performance metrics from various systems.
- Scorecards: Report on outcome measures; assess long-term achievement of strategic goals.
Levels of Management
- Top Management: C-suite and board of trustees.
- Middle Management: Department heads and senior managers.
- Lower Management: First-line supervisors.
- Importance of Ethics: Guides moral decisions; should be integrated into organizational practices.
- Ethical Standards: Specific standards for coding and documentation professionals, promoting accountability in practices.
- Ethical Decision-Making Process: A structured approach includes defining the situation, identifying options, evaluating them, selecting and implementing the best option, and evaluating the outcome.