Constitution + Amendments summary ( AP GOV )
Article l - Legislative branch
Section 3 - the senate
Try all impeachments with 67 (2/3) of the members there
vice president is the president of the senate
Section 8 - Congress
Powers
lay and collect taxes
regulate commerce ( trade )
declare war
make all laws necessary and proper
Limits
cant imprison with accusations
can’t punish without trial
can’t punish for a crime done before it was a crime ( ex post facto )
can’t tax goods exported from states
can’t give titles of nobility ( etc. king, prince )
can’t spend money without it being approved
Section 10 - States
Limits
can’t enter a treaty/alliance/confederation
can’t lay imposts ( taxes ) on imports or exports
can’t keep troops or ships of war in peace time, or engage in war
Article ll - Executive branch
Section 2 - Military, Pardon, Cabinet
president is Commander in chief
president can pardon any offense except with impeachment
president can create treaties with consent from Senate
president can appoint judges of the supreme court
Section 4 - Disqualification
President and vp will be removed from office in the case of treason, bribery, and other crimes and misdemeanors
Article lll - Judicial branch
Section 2 - Trial by Jury
trials shall be held in the state the crime occurred
trials of all crimes ( expect impeachment ) shall have a jury ( LATER 6TH AMENDMENT )
Section 3 - Treason
Treason - levying war against the U.S and/ or supporting U.S “enemies”
No one can be convicted of treason without the testimony of two witnesses or confession in open court
Congress decides the punishment for treason
Article lV - The States
Full faith and credit clause - public records ( driver licenses, marriage licenses, court records
Privileges and Immunities clause - marijuana and abortion
Article V - Amendment
Amendment process
Purposed by 2/3 of the house and senate
Ratified by 3/4 of states
Article Vl - Debts, Supremacy, Oaths
All debts shall be as valid against the U.S under the constitution
Supremacy clause - The federal government has overruling power over the States
Officials in government are bound by oath to support the constitution
Article Vll - Ratification
The ratification of the conventions of nine states, shall be sufficient for the establishment of this constitution between the states so ratifying the same
Amendments
1. Freedom of Religion, Press, Expression
Establishment of religion : Separation of church and state
free exercise : free exercise clause
freedom of speech
press : media or news
assemble
petition : protest
2. Right to bare arms
3. No quartering of soldiers
4. Search and Seizure
Can’t be searched without a warrant on probable cause
Trial and Punishment
5. Trial and Punishment
No person shall answer to a capital crime without a Grand Jury
Right to remain silent
Can’t be deprived of natural rights
Due process of the government
Private property can’t be taken for public use without just compensation
No person shall be subject for the same offense to be twice in jeopardy
6. Right to a speedy trial
In all criminal law, the accused will have a speedy and public trial with an impartial jury
Accused able to obtain witnesses in his favor and have a lawyer
7. Trial by Jury
In civil law ( people suing each other ) they shall have a trial by jury
8. Cruel and Unusual Punishment
No excessive bails
death penalty
9. Construction of Constitution
Certain rights shall not be construed to deny or disparage others retained by the people
right to privacy., abortion
10. Powers of the States
Powers reserved to the states
11. Judicial Limits
Need to ask permission to sue another state
12. Choosing the President + VP
President and VP can’t be from the same state
13. Abolished slavery
14. Citizenship for all born in the United States
equal protection clause
due process clause
15. Ability to vote with no regards to race
16. Income tax
17. Senator elected by popular vote
voting directly for senators
18. Liquor abolished
19. Women can vote
20. Presidential , congressional terms
POTUS term begins January 20th
21. 18th Repealed
22. Presidential term limits
2 terms ( 8 years )
23. People in D.C can vote for president
24. Pol tax barred
25. Presidential disability and succession
Temporary illness, such powers and and duties are given to up