Psych 1005 chapter 1
Sure, here are flashcards for the key terms:
Psychology: The scientific study of mind and behavior.
Philosophical Dualism: The view that mind and body are fundamentally different things.
Philosophical Materialism: The view that all mental phenomena are reducible to physical phenomena.
Philosophical Realism: The view that perceptions of the physical world are produced entirely by information from the sensory organs.
Philosophical Idealism: The view that perceptions of the physical world are the brain’s interpretation of information from the sensory organs.
Philosophical Empiricism: The view that all knowledge is acquired through experience.
Philosophical Nativism: The view that some knowledge is innate rather than acquired.
Reaction Time: The amount of time it takes to respond to a specific stimulus.
Structuralism: An approach to psychology that attempted to isolate and analyze the mind’s basic elements.
Introspection: The examination of one’s own conscious thoughts and feelings.
Functionalism: An approach to psychology that was influenced by Darwin’s theory of natural selection, emphasizing the adaptive significance of mental processes.
Natural Selection: The process whereby organisms better adapted to their environment tend to survive and produce more offspring.
Hysteria: A psychological disorder (not now regarded as a single definite condition) whose symptoms include conversion of psychological stress into physical symptoms (somatization), selective amnesia, shallow volatile emotions, and overdramatic or attention-seeking behavior.
Unconscious: The part of the mind that is inaccessible to the conscious mind but that affects behavior and emotions.
Psychoanalytic Theory: A theory developed by Sigmund Freud that emphasizes the influence of the unconscious on feelings, thoughts, and behaviors.
Psychoanalysis: A therapeutic approach that focuses on bringing unconscious material into conscious awareness to better understand psychological disorders.
Behaviorism: An approach to psychology that restricted scientific inquiry to observable behavior.
Principle of Reinforcement: The concept that a behavior will be repeated if it is followed by a reward and will not be repeated if it is followed by a punishment.
Gestalt Psychology: A psychological approach that emphasizes that we often perceive the whole rather than the sum of the parts.
Developmental Psychology: The scientific study of how and why human beings change over the course of their life.
Social Psychology: The scientific study of how people’s thoughts, feelings, and behaviors are influenced by the actual, imagined, or implied presence of others.
Cognitive Psychology: The scientific study of mind and mental function, including learning, memory, attention, perception, reasoning, language, conceptual development, and decision making.
Evolutionary Psychology: The study of the roots of behavior and mental processes using the principles of natural selection.
Cognitive Neuroscience: The field of study linking the brain and other aspects of the nervous system to cognitive processing and, ultimately, to behavior.
Behavioral Neuroscience: The application of the principles of biology to the study of physiological, genetic, and developmental mechanisms of behavior in humans and other animals.
Cultural Psychology: The study of how cultures reflect and shape the psychological processes of their members.
Remember to review each term and its definition. Happy studying! 📚