ch18

1. Q: What gave Europeans an advantage in the encounters with people in Asia and Africa during the second half of the 19th century? A: The superior organization and discipline of European militaries

2. Q: In the 19th century, European interest in expanding overseas markets was driven by a desire to: A: Sell surplus manufactured goods

3. Q: What highlights the relationship between imperialism and nationalism? A: Colonies as symbols of "great power" status

4. Q: What was a consequence of the emphasis on cash crop agriculture in European colonies? A: The vulnerability of African and Asian farmers to price fluctuations in the international market

5. Q: What reflects a new element in European views of non-Europeans in the 19th century? A: The belief that the racial inferiority of non-Europeans could be scientifically proven

6. Q: What reflects the effects of colonial rule in Africa on the lives of women? A: Women in impoverished families became head of household in the absence of men

7. Q: Which country played a much more minor role in the second wave of European conquest in the long 19th century than it had played in the first wave during the 16th and 17th centuries? A: Spain

8. Q: What characterized the response of most Asian and African societies to European colonial rule in the 19th century? A: Accommodations for those who saw colonial rule as advantageous and resistance for those who viewed colonial rule as oppressive

9. Q: How did colonial rule alter ways of working in Africa and Asia in the 19th century? A: More people worked on public projects for free

10. Q: What European colonial views shaped the development of African identity in the 19th century? A: The notion of Africa divided into tribes

11. Q: The colonization of New Zealand, Australia, and Hawaii during the 19th century was most similar to the colonization of: A: North America in the 17th century

12. Q: What played a more important role in distinguishing rulers from the colonial subjects in the imperialism of the 19th century than in earlier instances of imperialism? A: Race

13. Q: In the imperialism of the nineteenth century, how did the number of European settlers in African and Asian colonies generally affect the extent of racial segregation and discrimination? A: Colonies with a large European settler population experienced more racial discrimination and racial segregation

14. Q: What describes the model for social development preferred by Europeans for their colonies? A: Traditional rural societies with their established authorities and social hierarchies

15. Q: The spread of Christianity in Africa was facilitated by its association with: A: Modern education

16. Q: In the nineteenth century, Europeans and Americans viewed imperialism as: A: A "civilizing mission"

17. Q: How did Charles Darwin's ideas on evolution influence Western imperialism? A: They were used to justify the displacement or destruction of "weak" races.

18. Q: How did the spread of Western education affect colonial society? A: It created a new elite who saw themselves as a modernizing vanguard in the regeneration of their societies

19. Q: How were the colonial takeovers of India and Indonesia during the long nineteenth century similar? A: In both, colonial conquest grew out of earlier interaction with European trading firms

20. Q: What characterized the "scramble for Africa" that led to the partition of nearly all of Africa among European colonial powers? A: The peaceful negotiations among the competing European states over "who got what"

21. Q: In what respect were Ethiopia's and Siam's (Thailand) encounters with European imperialism in the long nineteenth century similar? A: Both avoided the colonization to which their neighbors succumbed

22. Q: What represents the imperialist actions of a country outside of Europe? A: Japan's takeover of Taiwan and Korea

23. Q: European colonial rule in the nineteenth century generally depended upon and reinforced the power of which segment of Asian and African societies? A: The most conservative

24. Q: What is an example of resistance to colonial rule in the nineteenth century? A: The Indian Rebellion

25. Q: What was a distinctive feature of European colonial rule in the nineteenth century? A: The counting and classification of colonial population

26. Q: What reflects a contradiction in Western imperialism in the nineteenth century? A: European reluctance to encourage modernization in their colonies

27. Q: What elements of the modernizing process did colonial rule convey on colonies? A: Communication and transportation infrastructure

28. Q: What represented a form of forced labor in colonial economies in the nineteenth century? A: Statute labor in French Africa

29. Q: What resulted from the employment of colonial subjects in European-owned plantations, mines, construction projects, and businesses? A: Migration of colonial subjects to work sites overseas

30. Q: What was a consequence of nineteenth-century European imperialism on the colonial societies of Asia and Africa? A: The integration of Asian and African economies into a global network of exchange centered in Europe

31. Q: In Visual 18.4, what is the significance of the British and French soldiers toasting one another? A: To highlight the common interests of the British who collaborated to squash all signs of resistance in North Africa

32. Q: The painting of the Battle of Adowa in Visual Source 18.5 depicts the victory of which country? A: Ethiopia

33. Q: What was a major similarity among European colonial empires in the Americas in the period 1450-1750? A: Enslavement of African people and subjugation of Amerindians

34. Q: The quotation above by an early-twentieth-century Chinese revolutionary illustrates the influence of: A: Social Darwinism

35. Q: What best supports the contentions of the world economic theory in the passage? A: Latin America exported sugar and silver and imported manufactured items

36. Q: What statements would challenge the arguments made in the passage? A: Strong government in the slave-exporting regions of West Africa

37. Q: A historian researching the effects of Christian missionaries' activities on local structures in late-nineteenth-century Africa would probably find what sources most useful? A: African accounts of converting to Christianity

38. Q: What scientific concepts had the greatest role in providing a justification for imperialism in the late nineteenth and early twentieth centuries? A: Charles Darwin's theory of evolution

39. Q: What contributed the most to the growth of the movement to abolish slavery in the Atlantic world? A: The adaptation of Enlightenment ideas challenging established social hierarchies

40. Q: The maps of Africa above best explain what about Africa history in the twentieth century? A: Why African state-building efforts have been hindered by the persistence of political boundaries inherited from the colonial era

41. Q: The photo, showing skin-tone evaluation performed on an Indonesian inmate in a Dutch colonial prison in 1933, most clearly exemplifies what? A: Influence of scientific theories on race

42. Q: The economies of the southern colonies of colonial British America developed most like colonial economies in: A: The Caribbean and Brazil