Module 1: Introduction Notes

Module 1: Introduction Notes

Overview of the Syllabus

  • The instructor begins by mentioning the necessity to download the notes for Module 1 and referring students to their syllabi.
  • Importance of monitoring for online students to assist them if they encounter issues.
  • The session starts with checking for student access to audio and visual components of the lecture.

Course Structure

  • Students are informed about the textbook for the course: "Endocrine Physiology."

    • Textbook Availability: Not available at the bookstore; recommended to purchase online due to lower prices.
    • Versions: Multiple versions are acceptable as they are similar content-wise.

  • Additional Reading Requirement:

    • Novel: "Middlesex" by Jeffrey Eugenides
    • Content Focus: Discusses an enzyme deficiency affecting testosterone conversion into dihydrotestosterone (DHT).
    • Affected subjects: Genetic males (XY) who may appear female at birth and experience gender transition during puberty due to the influence of hormones.
    • Inheritance: Recessive gene through inbreeding; both parents must carry the gene for offspring to exhibit the condition.
    • Consequences of DHT Deficiency:
      • Genetically male individuals may possess male internal genitalia but lack external genitalia due to DHT deficiency, resulting in ambiguous genitalia.
      • Often raised as females until puberty onset.

Course Learning Objectives

  • The primary goal is to explain physiological systems and hormones' mechanisms of action, focusing on:
    • The cellular production and release of hormones.
    • The effect of hormones on endocrine behavior.
  • Emphasis on scientific writing through:
    • Reading primary literature and writing abstracts (300 words).
    • Writing skills: Important to convey information clearly and concisely.

Assignments and Grading

  • Exams: Three hour-long exams worth 200 points each, comprising 100% essay questions.
  • Term Paper:
    • Equivalent to one exam grade, focused on the endocritical physiology topic of student choice.
    • Due date: April 3. Title submission due by February 5 for approval.
    • Content Requirements:
    • Up to five pages, double-spaced, must maintain scientific rigor and detailed content.
    • Must follow guidelines from the Journal of Animal Science regarding format and writing style.
  • Assignments:
    • Various assignments are designed to assist students with larger objectives and are worth 25 points each.

Important Dates

  • February 20: Scientific family tree presentation assignment due.
  • Key points:
    • Deliverables include scientific family trees connected to major contributors in endocrinology and must be submitted via Canvas.
    • Students will present their family trees in class.

Writing and Research Focus

  • Papers need to be grounded in primary literature without shifting focus to case studies. Research review is essential.
  • Specific topics suggested for research may include:
    • Hormonal regulation of reproductive development.
    • The role of insulin in ovarian function.
    • The effects of neuroplasticity on reproductive cycles.
    • The impact of endocrine disruptors (e.g., BPA) on hormonal regulation and human health.

Understanding of DHT and Five Alpha Reductase Deficiency

  • Students examined the functions of dihydrotestosterone (DHT) and the enzyme five alpha reductase.
  • Lack of DHT leads to male external genitalia issues during fetal development, resulting in long-term identity complications.
  • Relevance of this condition in modern contexts (e.g., competitive sports and ethical implications).

Overview of Endocrinology

  • Key concepts covered include:
    • Definitions of endocrinology: Glandular secretions affecting biological systems via blood circulation and tissue-specific receptors.
    • Major endocrine glands such as the hypothalamus, pituitary glands, adrenal glands, pancreas, thyroid, and reproductive glands (ovaries/testes).
    • Hormones produced and their metabolic paths, functions, and impacts on the body.

Outline of Future Content

  • Upcoming material will focus on detailed mechanisms of hormone action and the complex relationships between different endocrine systems, including:
    • Hormonal pathways and steroidogenesis starting with cholesterol.
    • Differentiation of internal and external genitalia during fetal development and the role of hormones during this process.
  • A collaborative effort will align lecture materials with required readings and assignments to ensure comprehensive understanding throughout the course.