Dictator
America First Committee - A political organization formed in 1940 that advocated for U.S. isolationism, opposing involvement in World War II and supporting the idea of focusing on America’s defense and interests before global conflicts.
Atlantic Charter - A joint declaration between the U.S. and the UK, outlining post-WWII goals, including self-determination, free trade, and the establishment of an international peacekeeping organization, later influencing the creation of the United Nations.
Appeasement - The act of giving an opposing side an advantage in war that they have demanded in order to prevent further disagreement. Munich confrence- Chamberlain(GB) and Daladier(F) appeased Hitler with “last territorial demand” and it did not work.
Battle of Britain - July 1940, air battle for air superiority over the British channel defended by the RAF against Luftwaffe bombers who initially targeted military target but then targeted civilian targets
Blackshirts -Civilians who believed in fascism in Italy behind Mussolini and helped him secure control of the country.
Blitzkrieg - Germany’s Blitzkrieg was in order to avoid a long war as they wanted to have short battles where they defeated their opponents in a short amount of time.
Chamberlain-
concentration camps - Where Hitler put the Jews during the Holocaust. He made them do manual labor and flat-out tortured them.
Dunkirk - A city in northern France where most of the British ground forces were encircled by Germans from blitzkrieg. Many British escaped by boat because Hitler used his air force to attack instead of his ground forces.
Fascism - Created by mussolini, believes in both racial and religious nationalism, Hitler was a fascist.
Good Neighbor policy - A U.S. foreign policy initiative under President Franklin D. Roosevelt aimed at improving relations with Latin American countries by emphasizing non-intervention and cooperation.
Greer - The first Naval ship to fire at a German ship.
Guernica: Picasso made a painting depicting after bombing.
Gulags - Soviet prison system that was used to get rid of people who didn't support the party
Hitler- German nationalist who fought in WWI blamed Jews and believed in fascism during the great depression.
Kellogg-Briand Pact: Agreement to outlaw war. 15 nations signed at Paris
Lebensraum -”living space” what Hitler was seeking to achieve in the war.
Lend-Lease Act - A U.S. law that allowed the government to supply Allied nations with war materials and supplies on credit, without requiring immediate payment, to support their fight against Axis powers during World War II.
Manchuria - Part of north eastern china that was occupied by Japan for its resources
Mein Kampf - The book written by Hitler that overviews many of Hitler's political beliefs.
Munich Conference - A meeting between Germany, Britain, France, and Italy where Hitler was allowed to annex Czechoslovakia's Sudetenland in exchange for a promise of no further expansion. The agreement was seen as an act of appeasement, aiming to avoid conflict but ultimately emboldened Hitler and led to further aggression.
Mussolini - Created fascism in italy
Neutrality Acts of 1935 and 1937 and 1939 - made it illegal for Americans to sell or transport arms, or other war materials to belligerent nations. This was because the U.S. wanted to stay neutral.
Non-Aggression Pact - agreement between Nazi Germany and the Soviet Union not to attack each other which allowed Germany to take over Poland.
Quarantine Speech - A 1937 speech by President Franklin Roosevelt that encourages countries to contain and isolate the aggressor countries
Reciprocal Trade Agreements Act of 1934: A U.S. law that allowed the president to negotiate tariff reductions with other nations, aimed at promoting international trade and improving relations during the Great Depression.
Reparations - Germany was to pay the Allies US$23 billion mainly in machinery and manufacturing plants.
Selective Service Act - required all men between the ages of 21 and 45 to register for the draft.
Spanish Civil War - A military revolt against the Republican government of Spain.
Stab in the Back - A myth promoted by right-wing extremists that claimed Germany’s military defeat in WWI was caused by civilian betrayal, especially by Jews, socialists, and communists, undermining the Weimar Republic.
Stalin - The communist party of the soviet union
Stormtroopers - the Nazi Party militia that helped Adolf Hitler rise to power in Germany (BROWN SHIRTS)
Sudetenland - Parts of Czechoslovakia that bordered Germany and contained many ethnic Germans
Totalitarianism: centralized gov, dictatorial control over all aspects of life, propaganda brainwashing.
Tojo - 27th prime minister of Japan. He ordered the attack on Pearl Harbor.
Vichy, France: becomes capital of central southern France. “Independent but not forever”