20240930_POL101 What is political participation (1)_compressed (1)-min (1)
Page 1: Mentimeter Instructions
Introduction to Mentimeter interaction.
Page 2: Overview of Week 4
Topic: What is political participation?
Course: POL101H1 F.
Date: September 30, 2024.
Page 3: Student Feelings
Initiating Week 4 of POL101.
Feedback: 0 responses received regarding feelings.
Page 4: Land Acknowledgment
Acknowledgment of traditional lands occupied by the University of Toronto:
Huron-Wendat, Seneca, Mississaugas of the Credit.
Recognition of the ongoing presence of Indigenous peoples.
Page 5: National Day for Truth and Reconciliation
An emphasis on Canada's National Day dedicated to Truth and Reconciliation.
Page 6: Defining Political Participation
Essential question: What constitutes political participation?
Page 7: Politics as Negotiation
Definition of politics: Negotiation of power between the state and society.
Page 8: Mechanisms of Political Participation
Definition: Political participation is the process through which the negotiation of power occurs.
Page 9: Regime Influence on Participation
Political participation influenced by the type of regime in place.
Page 10: Authoritarian vs. Democratic Participation
Key distinction:
Authoritarian: Power-sharing perceived as a threat.
Democratic: Power-sharing viewed as a virtue.
Page 11: Centralization in Authoritarian Regimes
In authoritarian systems: Power is centralized and indivisible.
Authority rests with head of state and apparatus.
Page 12: Legitimacy in Authoritarian Systems
Legitimacy in authoritarian regimes relies on the head of state, not the populace.
Page 13: Monopoly of Force
Authoritarian legitimacy maintained through demonstration of control and force monopoly.
Page 14: Mobilization against Authoritarianism
Slogan: "The People Have Spoken! TAKE YOUR REGIME & GET OUT!"
Page 16: Legitimacy in Democratic Regimes
In democracies, state legitimacy derives from the people rather than from officials.
Page 17: Forms of Political Participation
Political participation operationalized through both institutionalized and non-institutionalized means.
Page 18: Examples of Institutionalized Participation
Inquiry into examples of such participation from students (0 responses thus far).
Page 19: What is Institutionalized Participation?
Definition: Formal, structured methods by which individuals engage politically.
Page 20: Characteristics of Institutionalized Participation
Regular, organized, and embedded within political frameworks.
Page 21: Influence of Social and Institutional Factors
Reference: Verba, Schlozman, and Brady (1995) on civic volunteerism.
Impact of social and institutional factors on political participation.
Page 22: Max Weber's Iron Cage
Definition of rationalization and bureaucratization in governance.
Constrains individual behavior and secures elite power.
Page 23: Solution to Democratic Problems
Advocating for non-institutionalized political participation as a solution.
Page 24: Examples of Non-Institutionalized Participation
Inquiry into student examples (0 responses thus far).
Page 25: Definition of Non-Institutionalized Participation
Forms of engagement outside traditional political structures.
Page 26: Deliberative Democracy Framework
Non-institutionalized political participation as essential, not supplementary.
Page 27: Health of Democratic Systems
Lack of engagement in non-institutionalized participation leads to despair in politics.
Page 28: The Root of Democratic Authority
Quote: "We, the people, are the root of all legitimate democratic authority" (Woodly 2022, 17).
Page 29: Constraints on Non-Institutionalized Participation
Major constraints arise from political opportunity structures.
Page 30: Political Opportunity Structures
Definition: External factors affecting the nature and likelihood of participation.
Page 31: The Contest of Threats and Opportunities
Historical context: Example of threats versus opportunities shaping participation.
Page 32: Dynamics in Authoritarian Regimes
If a regime perceives threats, only repression and revolution are feasible.
Page 33: Challenge to Power in Authoritarianism
Any challenge to power is a challenge to the regime itself.
Page 34: Revolution and Non-Institutionalized Politics
Revolutions target the state directly.
Page 35: Non-Institutionalized Participation in Democracies
Contrast: Not inherently revolutionary in democracies.
Power resides with the people.
Page 36: Perspectives on Non-Institutionalized Participation
Two views:
Contentious politics.
Social movements.
Page 37: Defining Contentious Politics
Definition: Interactions making claims impacting actors' interests.
Page 38: Engagement through Political Opportunities
Changing opportunities lead to participation incentives.
Page 39: Understanding Social Movements
Definition: Collective challenges based on common purposes in interaction with authorities.
Page 40: Example of Social Movements
Citizens mobilizing to defend their concepts of community and economic interests.
Page 41: Resistance Methods in Non-Institutionalized Politics
Insight from Scott (1985): Traditional views overlook everyday resistance.
Page 42: Distinction Between Movements and Politics
Social movements create political actors; contentious politics operates with pre-existing actors.
Page 43: Characteristics of Social Movements
Focus on identity and political agency development.
Page 44: Analyzing Protest Successes
Questions to consider: Are claims seeking a political identity or based on an established identity?
Page 45: Closing Thoughts
Engaging questions around identity in political participation.
Page 46: Next Class Reminder
See you next Monday!