bio human and plants
Digestive - ingest food, break it down into smaller chemical units, absorb these units, and eliminate the unused portions
Respiratory - exchange gases (02 and COz) with its internal and external environment
Circulatory system - supply nutrients, 02 and hormones to the body cells and carry wastes and COz away from the body cells
immune/lymphatic system - defends the body from pathogens and returns excess tissue fluid to the circulatory system
excretory/urinary system - removes wastes from blood and maintains osmotic and pH balance in blood
endocrine system - regulate and coordinate body activities with hormones
reproductive system - continuation of the species through gamete production,
fertilization and embryo development
nervous system - regulate and coordinate body activities with nervous impulses
muscular system - movement of the body in its external environment or movement within organs
skeletal system - provides support, framework, protection for the body and aids in movement in the external environment
integumentary system - protects the internal body organs and structures from mechanical injury, infection, extreme temperatures and excess water loss
Respiratory - The Diaphragm muscle relaxes and moves down during inhalation.
Lungs. - rid the body of carbon dioxide
Skin - eliminates extra water, salt, and heat.
Skin and lungs - Both can be in the excretory system
Level of organization - cell, tissue, organ, organ system, organism
The pancreas - releases hormones ( insulin and glucagon) to regulate blood glucose.
Adrenaline - a hormone (endocrine) released when there is a threat ( fight or flight). It is carried (circulatory) to the muscles.
Plants - The xylem and phloem of the plant vascular system serves a similar function to the circulatory system.
Xi - High
Phlo - Low
Stoma (stomata - plural) - found on the underside of a leaf and regulate gas exchange.
PERMANENT VASCULAR TISSUE: - Elongated cells specialized for conduction transport materials throughout plant
Characteristics of Xylem - -Conductive cells dead at maturity, Thick cell walls arranged end to end form empty passages
Characteristics of Phloem - Conductive cells living at maturity, Sieve cells elongated: arranged end to end for conduction
Function of Xylem - -Transport of water and minerals from roots to leaves, Support.
Function of phloem - Transport of organic materials up and down the plant body
Stomata - regulates gas exchange and the rate of photosynthesis.
Photosynthesis equation - 6CO2 + 6H2O + light energy --> C6H12O6 + 6O2
Photosynthesis occurs in - The chloroplasts in plants
Cell Organelles - the parts of the cell that perform life functions
Plasma (cell) membrane - Controls what enters and exits the cell, all cells have one, Made of lipids.
Ribosomes-Form protein, Can be found in the cytoplasm or an endoplasmic reticulum,rough
Mitochondria -Cellular respiration,makes energy or ATP from glucose and oxygen
Nucleus - -found in eukaryotic cells only, controls cells activities
Cytoplasm - A jellylike fluid substance that contains organelles
Cell wall - Provides support and protection for cells (plant cells )
chloroplast - -use energy from the sun to make glucose, where photosynthesis happens ,one big one in plant cells
Carbohydrates - monosaccharides, simple sugars such as (fructose), quick energy, make up plant cell wall,stores energy for plants
Carb examples - Carbs, Starch,Sugars
Lipids- 3 fatty acids + glycerol, large biomolecule so soluble in water (hydrophobic), Long-term energy storage,forms cell membrane, insolate nerves cells,insulates body, maintains homeostasis
Lipid examples - fats, corn oil , olive oil ,waxes
Proteins - -Amino acids (20) proteins composed, proteins made by combining these 20 amino acids in different combinations, help fight disease (anti bodies), build me body tissues (ex: muscle),enzymes speed up the rate of a reaction (ex: digestion), components of all cell membranes
Protein examples - -dairy products, fish, any meat,eggs,Greek yogurt
nucleic acids -nucleotides (made of a sugar , phosphate and nitrogenous base), stores and carry genetic material
Protein examples - -DNA AND RNA
Amino acids - building blocks of proteins
Function of Xylem - -Transport of water and mincrals from roots to leaves.