med term 3

Muscles of the Body

  • Mastoidius: Refers to the mastoid process of the temporal bone, resembling a breast.

  • Deltoideus: Fan-shaped muscle in the shoulder.

  • Pectoralis Major: Larger chest muscle situated over the pectoralis minor.

  • Rectus Abdominis: Straight muscle of the abdomen.

  • Oblique Externus Abdominis: Lateral superficial muscle of the abdomen.

Muscles on the Left Side

  • Serratus Anterior: Sawtooth muscle located towards the front side of the body.

  • Biceps Brachii: Arm muscle with two heads, located in the upper arm.

  • Brachioradialis: Muscle in the arm; brachio means arm and radialis indicates its location near the radius.

  • Extensor Radialis Brevis: Muscle that extends, connects with the radius, and is short.

  • Vastus Medialis: Thick muscle located medial to the thigh.

  • Gastrocnemius: Belly-shaped muscle in the calf, means "calf of the leg."

  • Tibialis Anterior: Muscle located in front of the shin bone.

  • Extensor Digitorum Longus: Muscle that extends the fingers and is long.

  • Flexor Digitorum Longus: Muscle that flexes the digits, also long.

  • Soleus: Muscle extending to the sole of the foot.

  • Vastus Lateralis: Lateral thigh muscle, also immense or thick.

  • Rectus Femoris: Straight muscle in the femur or thigh.

  • Adductor Longus: Muscle that moves the leg toward the midline of the body.

Nervous System Terms

  • Cerebello: Means little brain; cerebral refers to the brain.

  • Doro: Hard; refers to the dura mater, which is the outer layer of the meninges.

  • Cephalo: Pertaining to the head.

  • Glio: Glue; refers to glial cells that support nerve cells.

  • Hystero: Historically related to hysteria; now refers to the uterus and exaggerated emotions.

  • Mater: Means mother; dura mater means hard mother (outer layer of the meninges).

  • Pia: Means gentle; pia mater (inner layer of meninges) means gentle mother.

  • Meningio: Refers to membranes covering the brain and spinal cord.

  • Myelo: Refers to spinal cord and bone marrow.

  • Neuro: Means nerve; freno refers to mind.

  • Schizo and Phys: Pertaining to division or split; schizophrenic means divided mind.

Circulatory System Terms

  • Pulmonary: Pertaining to the lungs; coronary refers to the arteries supplying the heart.

  • Superior Vena Cava: Cavernous vein above the heart.

  • Ascending Aorta: Major artery supplying blood to the body.

Respiratory System Terms

  • Respiratory: Means to breathe again; bronchio means resembling the bronchial tubes.

  • Laryngo: Voice box; pharyngeo refers to the throat.

  • Pneumo/Pulmo: Pertaining to air or lungs.

  • Chordo: Refers to vocal cords.

Integumentary System Terms

  • Integument: Refers to the covering of the body.

  • Kerato: Refers to horny tissue; used in words like keratoma.

  • Dermo: Means skin; erythema refers to redness of the skin.

  • Pruritus: Refers to itching; ritido refers to wrinkles.

Digestive System Terms

  • Digestive: Refers to separating food.

  • Cholangio: Pertains to bile ducts; cholesysto refers to the gallbladder.

  • Duodeno: Means the first part of the small intestine (12 fingers long).

  • Gastro: Pertains to the stomach; enter refers usually to the small intestine.

Urinary System Terms

  • Cysto: Refers to the bladder; nephro pertains to the kidney.

  • Pylo: Refers to the kidney pelvis; urino refers to urine.

Reproductive System Terms

  • Balleno: Refers to the glans penis; hystero/utero pertains to the uterus.

  • Oforo: Pertains to the ovary; salpingo refers to fallopian tubes.

Endocrine System and Special Senses

  • Adeno: Refers to glands; adreno pertains to the adrenal glands near the kidneys.

  • Pituitary: Master gland responsible for various functions.

  • Auriculo: Refers to the ear; ocular pertains to the eye.

  • Chordo: Means a cord; tympano refers to the eardrum.

Body Fluids Terms

  • Aqua/Lympho: Refers to watery substances.

  • Hemo: Pertains to blood; glico means sugar.

  • Uro: Refers to urine; sero means serum.

External Anatomy Terms

  • Blepharo: Refers to eyelids; bucco means cheek.

  • Labio: Refers to lips; naso/rhino refers to the nose.

  • Mento/Genio: Pertains to the chin; dental relates to teeth.

Additional Body Terms

  • Cystoscopy: Examination of the bladder; proctoscopy refers to anus and rectum examination.

  • Myelography: Recording of the spinal cord; electromyography records muscle activity.

Health Professions

  • Audiologist: Specialist in hearing; pathologist studies disease causes and effects.

  • Dermatologist: Specialist in skin diseases; cardiologist studies heart functions.

  • Oncologist: Specializes in tumors and cancer treatment; urologist focuses on urinary systems.

  • Registered Nurse (RN): Directly interacts with patients.

  • Pharmacist: Prepares and dispenses medications.