Sound waves= longitudinal waves=particals vibrate.
Example
Vibrating speaker=air particles near move back and forwards. Moving particles move so vibrations move the air. air particles=squashed-higher pressure (compressions). particles spared out= lower pressure (rarefactions) Repeating pattern of high and low pressure areas.
When sound wave moves energy= it is transferred. It transfers in all directions unless theres something that stops them. Intensity of sound gets less as you move away from the source.
Speed of sound
Sound can only travel through medium (Solid, liquid, or gas). can’t travel through emoty space (Vacuum). Speed depends on the medium it travels through. Air-speed=330m/s. Travels faster in solid than gas because particles are closer together in solid so vibrations passed on more quickly. Sound=liquid is faster than gas.
Dangers and precautions
If sounds too loud we can use soundproofing-cars/houses. Animals can’t control noise around them. Exposure to extreme loud noises for long time=hearing loss. It can damage cells and membranes in the ears. You should limit the time when listening to loud music or videos especially when you're using earphones or headphones.