Ethical Responsibilities

The Ethical Responsibilities Required of You as a Manager

  • ethicaldilemma:ethical dilemma: situation in which you have to decide whether to pursue a course of action that may benefit you or your organization but that is unethical or even illegal   * may also be a situation in which there’s a choice to be made between two options, neither of which resolves the situation in an ethically acceptable fashion   * ex: taking credit for others work     * offering a client a worse product for your own profit   * 4 types:

         1. truth vs loyalty     2. short vs long-term     3. individual vs community     4. justice vs mercy

Defining Ethics and Values

  • ethics:ethics: standards of right and wrong that influence behavior   * may vary among countries and cultures
  • values:values: relatively permanent and deeply held underlying beliefs and attitudes that help determine a person’s behavior

Conflicting Values

  • organizations may have 2 value systems that conflict

     1. value system stressing financial performance

     vs   2. value system stressing cohesion and solidarity in employee relationships

Four Approaches to Deciding Ethical Dilemmas

  • utilitarian approach:   * guided by what will result in the “greatest good for the greatest number of people”     * often associated with financial performance     * based on philosophy of Classical Utilitarianism: Jeremy Bentham and John Stuart Mill
  • individual approach:   * guided by what will result in individuals best long term interests, which ultimately is in everyone’s self-interest   * assumes that people will act ethically in the short run to avoid harm in the long run
  • moral rights approach:   * guided by respect for the fundamental rights of human beings: the right to life, liberty, privacy, health, safety, and due process
  • justice approach:   * guided by respect to impartial standards of fairness   * policies administered impartially and fairly regardless of gender, age, religious affiliation, sexual orientation

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