Describe the following in the role of exergonic and endergonic reactions- potential energy, kinetic energy, 1st law of thermodynamics, 2nd law of thermodynamics 

Describe how cells store and release energy through the ATP/ADP cycle.

Explain the function and characteristics of enzymes.

Describe how enzymes speed up metabolic reactions by lower energy barriers using the following terms- active site, substrate, reactants, and products. 

Describe the structure of the mitochondria and how it facilitates aerobic cellular respiration. 

Describe the transfer of electrons during redox reactions and be able to identify in a reaction pair which is oxidized and which is reduced.

Describe how electron carriers facilitate the transfer of energy during cellular respiration. 

Describe the three stages of Cellular Respiration- Glycolysis, Pyruvate Oxidation (link reaction), Krebs Cycle and Oxidative phosphorylation and identify the following at each stage: 

 where it occurs in the cell

inputs (reactants) 

outputs (products) 

the net gain or loss of ATP in the stage

which electron carriers are involved in the stage

Compare alcohol and lactic acid fermentation with aerobic respiration. 

Describe leaf structures critical to photosynthesis and explain the role of each.

Describe the structure of the chloroplast and how it captures and converts light energy into stored chemical energy through photosynthesis. 

Describe and model the two stages of photosynthesis (the light reactions and the Calvin cycle) including where each occurs and the products and reactants of each. 

Describe factors that impact the rate of photosynthesis. 

Describe the relationship between photosynthesis and cellular respiration.