Review Unit 11: Challenges to the Postwar Order - Not an assignment

1. What was Silent Spring? Who was Rachel Carson?
– Silent Spring was a book exposing the dangers of pesticides. Rachel Carson was a scientist and environmentalist who wrote it.

2. What was OPEC? What did they do?
– OPEC is a group of oil-producing countries that cut oil exports in the 1970s, causing a global energy crisis.

3. Who did Nixon open relations with?
– Nixon opened relations with China and the Soviet Union.

4. Who succeeded Nixon? What did he do?
– Gerald Ford succeeded Nixon and pardoned him, which hurt his popularity.

5. What did President Carter commit his foreign policy to?
– He committed it to promoting human rights around the world.

6. What were the Camp David Accords?
– A peace agreement between Egypt and Israel, brokered by President Carter in 1978.

7. Why was the Environmental Protection Agency founded? Goal?
– It was founded to fight pollution and protect the environment.

8. What was Watergate? What happened? Impact?
– Watergate was a scandal where Nixon’s team broke into the Democratic headquarters and tried to cover it up. Nixon resigned, and public trust in government dropped.

9. What was “WIN”?
– "Whip Inflation Now," Ford’s plan to fight inflation, but it didn’t work.

10. What was Earth Day? Goal?
– Earth Day started in 1970 to raise awareness about protecting the environment.

11. What was détente?
– A policy to ease Cold War tensions between the U.S. and the Soviet Union.

12. What is Stagflation?
– An economic condition with high inflation, high unemployment, and slow growth.

13. Who was Henry Kissinger?
– Nixon’s national security advisor and secretary of state, helped with détente and opening China.

14. What was the Strategic Arms Limitation Talks?
– U.S.-USSR agreements to limit nuclear weapons during the Cold War.

15. What did President Ford do that contributed to his election loss in 1976?
– He pardoned Nixon, which many voters didn’t like.

16. What happened in Iran in 1979?
– A revolution overthrew the Shah and 52 Americans were taken hostage at the U.S. embassy.

17. What was the ERA? Who supported it? Who opposed?
– The Equal Rights Amendment aimed to guarantee equal rights for women. It was supported by feminists and opposed by conservatives like Phyllis Schlafly

Matching Terms/people:

Gerald Ford – President after Nixon, pardoned him

Jimmy Carter – President after Ford; brokered Camp David Accords

Richard Nixon – Resigned after Watergate

Henry Kissinger – Nixon’s advisor; led détente, China visits

OPEC – Oil cartel behind 1970s oil embargo

Egypt & Israel – Signed Camp David Accords

Impeachment – Nixon avoided it by resigning

Watergate – Nixon scandal involving break-in and cover-up

Strategic Arms Limitation Talks (SALT) – U.S.-USSR nuclear weapons limits

Malaise – Speech by Carter about national crisis of confidence

Camp David Accords – Peace deal between Egypt and Israel

Helsinki Accords – 1975 agreement on human rights in Europe

Stagflation – 1970s combo of inflation and unemployment

Iran – 1979 revolution + U.S. hostage crisis