LAND BUILDING - TECTONIC PLATES

Influence of Physical Environment on Canadians

  • Interaction of Canadians with their physical environment.

Theory of Continental Drift

  • Proposed by Alfred Wegener; continents were joined as Pangaea 225-250 million years ago.

  • Continents drifted apart due to this process.

  • Wegener first used the term "Continental Drift".

Evidence for Continental Drift

  • Geological similarities in Africa and South America.

  • Age discrepancies between older and younger rocks.

  • Fossil distribution across continents.

Limitations of Continental Drift Theory

  • Lack of explanation for mechanisms behind plate movement; led to skepticism.

Plate Tectonics

  • Describes the structure and movement of Earth's crust.

  • Tectonic plates as pieces of the crust.

Physical Processes Contributing to Diversity in Canada

  • Constant changes from tectonic movements, erosion, and deposition shape land features.

Plate Boundaries and Interactions

  • Tectonic plates interact in three ways:

    1. Divergent

    2. Convergent

    3. Transform/Sliding

  • Each interaction leads to different geological features (e.g., trenches, volcanoes).

Convection Currents

  • Large systems in the mantle that drive plate movement like a conveyor belt.

  • Heat distribution causes cold rock to sink and hot rock to rise, influencing tectonic activity.