Classification and Comprehensive Lithology of Sedimentary, Igneous, and Metamorphic Rocks

Aleuritic: Fine-grained, clastic sedimentary rock composed of silt-sized particles, bridging the gap between clay and sand deposits.

Muddy Shale: Fine-grained detrital sedimentary rock with clay minerals and silt-sized grains, known for its pronounced fissility allowing it to split along thin lamination planes.

Conglomerate: Coarse-grained clastic sedimentary rock with rounded gravel-sized clasts, indicative of significant transport distance evident through high clast rounding.

Limestone: Carbonate rock primarily of calcite, formed from biochemical means or chemical precipitation with a typically granular texture.

Carbonaceous Limestone: Dark-colored limestone with organic carbon matter that forms in anoxic environments, indicative of low-energy depositional conditions.

Quartz Sandstone: Clastic rock with more than 90% quartz, showing high compositional maturity from extensive weathering and transport.

Arcose Sandstone: Feldspar-rich sandstone containing at least 25% feldspar, characterized by angular grains from minimal transport.

Breccia: Coarse-grained rock with sharp, angular rock fragments, indicating minimal transport often linked to faulting or landslide activities.

Chalk: Soft, white limestone made from microscopic calcite plates secreted by plankton, showcasing fine texture and high porosity.

Mudstone: Blocky, non-fissile rock composed of clay- and silt-sized particles, breaking into irregular fragments rather than along distinct planes.