genetics pop quiz

POP QUIZ

1. What is Genetics?

● The study of how information is

transferred from one generation to

another

1.2 There are 4 biological molecules, what

are they?

● Carbohydrates

● Proteins

● Lipids

● Amino acids

2. Where is information carried? In what

molecule is this information carried?

● DNA

3. What is the shape of DNA?

● Double helix

4. What is DNA? What is it made of?

● Nitrogen bases (ACGTU)

● A phosphate group

● A sugar group

5. Which part of this molecule is genetic

information carrier?

● Nitrogen bases

6. Aside from DNA, there is another kind of

nucleic acid. What is this nucleic acid called

● RNA

7. What is the difference between these two

nucleic acids?

● Deoxyribose vs ribose

● ATCG vs AUCG

8. DNA has two regions. What are they

called?

● Introns and exons

9. What are the differences between these

two regions?

● Introns are non-coding

● Exons are coding

10. Sometimes, a DNA sequence changes.

What are these changes called?

● Mutations

11. What are the different types of

mutations?

● Point - substitution

● Deletion

● Insertion

● Inversion

● Translocation

12. Is it possible for mutations to be

positive? Why?

● Mutations can lead to novel traits

[insert evolution and population genetics]

14. What is a genome?

● The entire collection of DNA in an

individual’s cell

13. True or False: your teeth and brain cells

have the same genome. Defend your

answer.

● True

● All cells have the same genome, but

different genes are expressed in

each kind

14. True or false: Behavior is hereditary.

● True

● Big cats and dogs

15. What is the central dogma of biology?

● DNA to RNA to Proteins

16. What is the function of mRNA?

● To carry genetic information to

ribosomes

17. What is the function of ribosomes?

● Site of protein synthesis

18. What are chromosomes?

● DNA coiled around proteins

19. What is the function of telomeres?

● Maintain chromosomal stability

● Shoelace analogy

20. What are amino acids

● Building blocks of proteins

● Discuss genetic code

21. True or false: all genes are expressed at

all times.

● False

● Only some genes are expressed at

any given time to conserve amino

acids

—

22. True or False: genetic diseases have no

cure

● Gene therapies are on the rise

23. What is CRISPR-CAS9?

● A genetic engineering tool that

precisely edits DNA sequences

● The basis of some modern gene

therapies

● Gene therapies are expensive due

to patents, not because of

production cost

24. True or false: consumption of genetically

modified organisms are harmful to humans

● False

● Everything is genetically modified

● Discuss breeding and artificial

selection

○ Dogs and cats

● Explain how CRISPR can make this

better

25. DNA is found in all life forms except for

____.

● Some viruses

● Prions

● Viroids