Ap world vocab topic 31

Pacific Rim: Rapidly developing Asian economies bordering the Pacific Ocean.

Taiwan & the Guomindang: Nationalists fled China, formed government in Taiwan.

Korean War: Conflict between communist North and capitalist South Korea.

Hong Kong: British colony returned to China in 1997.

Export-oriented economies: Focused on producing goods for international markets.

“Japan, Incorporated”: Cooperation between Japan’s government and big businesses.

“Korean Miracle”: South Korea’s rapid postwar industrial growth.

Party cadres: Communist officials enforcing party policies.

Great Leap Forward: Failed Chinese plan to industrialize rapidly.

Cultural Revolution: Mao’s purge of political enemies using youth.

Red Guards: Radical youth enforcing Maoist ideology during Cultural Revolution.

Gang of Four: Mao’s allies blamed for Cultural Revolution chaos.

Deng Xiaoping: Reformed China’s economy after Mao, introduced capitalism.

Four Modernizations: Deng’s reforms in agriculture, industry, science, and defense.

“Fifth Modernization”: Call for democracy in Deng’s China.

Tiananmen Square: 1989 student protest crushed by Chinese military.

Ho Chi Minh: Led Vietnamese communists against France, U.S.

Dien Bien Phu: Viet Minh defeat French, ending colonial rule.

Vietnam War: Communist North vs. U.S.-backed South Vietnam.

Pol Pot & Khmer Rouge: Cambodian genocide under communist dictatorship.