Body Systems
Integumentary system- Forms the body’s external covering; protects deeper tissue from injury; helps regulates body temp.
- hair, skin, and nails
- protects and secretes
- organ- skin
- tissue- sweat glands
Skeletal system- protects and supports body organs; provides a framework the muscles use to cause movement; stores minerals
- bones and joints
- tissue- bone marrow
- cells- osteocytes
- no organs
Muscular system- moves the body and moves substances around the body; maintains posture; produces heat
- skeletal muscle, cardiac muscle, smooth muscle
- organs- heart, and cardiac muscle
Nervous system- responds to internal and external changes by acting appropriate response; process info
- Brain, spinal cord, nerves, sensory receptors
- organs- brain and eyes
- tissue- spinal cord
- nerve- neurons cells
Cardiovascular system- pumps blood around the body; transports oxygen, carbon dioxide, nutrients, and waste.
- heart, blood vessels (veins, arteries, and capillaries)
- organ- heart
- tissue-blood and vessels
- cells- erythrocyte
Respiratory system- assists with gas exchange w the external environment; keep blood supplied w oxygen and removes carbon dioxide
- nasal cavity, trachea, lungs, bronchus
- organs-lungs
- tissue-trachea
- cells-alveoli
Lymphatic and Immune System- filter fluid from the body; mounts the attack against foreign substances in the body
- lymph nodes, spleen, thymus, bone marrow
- tissue- bone marrow(produces white blood cells)and spleen
- organ- spleen
- cell- lymphocyte
Digestive System-breaks down food into its nutrients molecules; absorbs nutrients, rids the body of wtse
- oral cavity, esophagus, small intestine, large intestine, stomach
- organs-stomach and intestines
- tissue- esophagus, and tongue
- cells- taste buds
Urinary system- eliminates waste from the body; regulates water balance of the blood
- kidney, bladder, ureter, urethra
- organ- kidney
- tissue-bladder
Endocrine system- secretes hormones that regulate processes such as growth, reproduction, and metabolism by body cells.
- testis, adrenal gland, pituitary gland, ovary
- organ- adrenal glands, pancreas- insulin
Reproductive system- to produce, transport, and sustain sperm and egg cells; to nurture the developing offspring
- vagina, ovaries, uterus
- penis, testes, prostate
- tissue-testes and ovaries
- cells- sperm and ovum
Left atrium>bicuspid valve>left ventricle>aortic valve>aorta>body>superior vena cava> inferior vena cava> right atrium>tricuspid valve>right ventricle>pulmonic valve>pulmonary artery>lungs>pulmonary vein> left atrium
- left side oxygenated
- right side deoxygenated
right side pumps blood to lungs (deoxygenated)
left side pumps blood to the body, receives oxygenated blood from lungs
4 chambers in the heart
valves work to keep blood flowing forwards
veins to heart artery (a)way from heart
largest vein- inferior vena cava
capillaries- non-elastic walls, carry blood to heart, blood vessels, small, thin walls, connect arteries and veins
pulmonary artery- the only artery that doesn’t carry oxygenated blood
veins- prevent back-flow blood, exchange gases, and nutrients between blood and body cells
aorta- largest artery
lungs-pulmonary
heart-cardiovasucular
rest of system-systemic
valve- flap of tissue that prevents blood from flowing backward
synapse-a junction at which a neuron meets another cell
the pill is aspirin