DNA: Protein-coding vs Non-coding Regions; Genome Size

Protein-coding regions

• Some parts of your DNA specifically make a protein.
• These parts are described as very specific in what they produce.
• In simple terms, these regions are responsible for encoding proteins.

Non-coding regions

• Other parts of DNA do not make proteins.
• They have different functions than protein production.
• Some parts have known roles, while others: "we don’t know why they’re there".

Genome size

• There are $3{,}000{,}000{,}000$ base pairs that make up all your DNA.
• This number represents the total number of little base-pair units in the genome.

Knowledge and unknowns

• We know why a lot of the DNA is there.
• However, there is still a lot we don’t know about DNA and its functions.