Topic 12. Avant Garde

This trends are originated in Europe and America, on the 20th centuary - during 1st and 2nd World War

  • XIX centuary: the atmosphere in European societies was full of frustration due to wars
  • Art: it intervvened to change the ideology → changed the concept of the world
  • The intention of the Avant Garde: break all literary tradition, explore new ways to express , take art as a loud scream that will revolutionize thoughts.
  • Objective:

New ways to write emerged:

  • Stream of Consciousness: The autor expresses their thoughts and ideas → it is out of their mind without having order → Virgina Woolf and James Joyce.
  • Interior Monologue: Similar to stream; debate and inner thought of a character → get into a character’s mind.
  • Automatic Writing: Put pen to paper and start writing whatever comes to mind, regardless the coherence or cohesion→ new expressions of art were revealed, the artist’s mind was free→ Andre Breton   * Stay somewhere propitious to concentrate   * Get into the most passive/receptive state that we’re capable of   * Dispense with the genious

Movements:

  • Expresionismo: Germany, 1905. Art arrises from ==emotional== & spiritual experience of reality. Artist projected into the object. Attempt to raise awareness and stay away from Utopia
  • Futurism: Tommaso Marinetti (1878-1944) (italian) → born from the rebellion of young intelectuals to the cultural boredom of the XIXc. → philosophy of Nietzsche
  • Dadaism: same time as Tristan Tzara (1896-1963). Dada: anti-dogmatism movement → attacked traditions, against eternal beauty & purity of abstract concepts. Its last period was in Paris.
  • Surrealism: 1924, with Andre Breton (1896-1962)(french). Anti-rational, spontaneous, accidental sense, rational attitude, seeking truth
  • Ultraism: based on the worship   * red. lyric element to the metaphor
  • Creationism: based on abstraction. Rep: Vicente Huidobro(chilean)→fully autonomous from world itself→poet shoul
  • Stridentism: Mexican, dynamic of nature in the modern world
  • Die Stjil: group of artists 1917, by Mondrian and Van Does burg in the city of Leiden. Aimed to disseminate principles

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