Comprehensive Botanical and Horticultural Vocabulary Study Guide
Botanical Science and Biological Processes
Photosynthesis: Phonetic transcription: /fautau'sineǝs/. Definition: Quang hợp. This is the biological process by which plants use sunlight to synthesize nutrients from carbon dioxide and water.
Botany: Phonetic transcription: /ba.tani/. Definition: Thực vật học. The scientific study of plants, including their physiology, structure, genetics, ecology, distribution, classification, and economic importance.
Pollination: Phonetic transcription: /pa:lə'neijn/. Definition: Thụ phấn. The transfer of pollen to a stigma, ovule, flower, or plant to allow fertilization.
Absorb: Phonetic transcription: /eb zo:rb/. Definition: Hấp thụ. The process by which a plant takes in substances like water or nutrients.
Decay: Phonetic transcription: /Idi kes/. Definition: Phân hủy. The organic process of rotting or decomposing.
Grow: Phonetic transcription: /Igraul/. Definition: Mọc lên, lớn lên, phát triển. The process of increasing in physical size or maturing.
Plant Anatomy and Morphological Components
Leaf: Phonetic transcription not provided in transcript. Definition: Lá. The flattened structure of a higher plant, typically green and blade-like, that is attached to a stem.
Petal: Phonetic transcription not provided in transcript. Definition: Cánh hoa. Each of the segments of the corolla of a flower, which are modified leaves and are typically colored.
Stem: Phonetic transcription: /stem/. Definition: Thân cây. The main body or stalk of a plant or shrub.
Trunk: Phonetic transcription: /trank/. Definition: Thân cây. The main woody stem of a tree as distinct from its branches and roots.
Branch: Phonetic transcription: /bræænt /. Definition: Cành cây. A part of a tree which grows out from the trunk or from a main bough.
Bud: Phonetic transcription: /bAd/. Definition: Nụ hoa, chồi non. A compact knoblike growth on a plant that develops into a leaf, flower, or shoot.
Root: Mentioned under context but definition details match "Dinh dưỡng" (Nourish) and "Nảy mầm" (Sprout) flows.
Thorn: Phonetic transcription: /05:rn/. Definition: Gai. A stiff, sharp-pointed woody projection on the stem or other part of a plant.
Seed: Phonetic transcription: /si:d/. Definition: Hạt giống, hạt. The unit of reproduction of a flowering plant, capable of developing into another such plant.
Foliage: Phonetic transcription not provided in transcript. Definition: Tán lá / Rợp lá. Plant leaves, collectively.
Flower: Phonetic transcription: /flavad/. Definition: Hoa. The seed-bearing part of a plant, consisting of reproductive organs.
Fruit: Phonetic transcription not provided in transcript. Definition: Quả. The sweet and fleshy product of a tree or other plant that contains seed and can be eaten as food.
Wood: Phonetic transcription: /wud/. Definition: Gỗ. The hard fibrous material that forms the main substance of the trunk or branches of a tree or shrub.
Horticulture, Cultivation, and Gardening Actions
Harvest: Phonetic transcription: /ha.rvist/. Definition: Thu hoạch. The process or period of gathering in crops.
Nourish: Phonetic transcription: /'nз:rt/. Definition: Nuôi dưỡng / Dinh dưỡng. To provide with the food or other substances necessary for growth, health, and good condition.
Plant: Phonetic transcription not provided in transcript. Definition: Trồng. To place a seed, bulb, or plant in the ground so that it can grow.
Prune: Phonetic transcription: /pru:n/. Definition: Tỉa cành. To trim a tree, shrub, or bush by cutting away dead or overgrown branches or stems.
Sow: Phonetic transcription: /saul/. Definition: Gieo hạt giống. To plant seed by scattering it on or in the earth.
Transplant: Phonetic transcription: /træns plant/. Definition: Cấy / Dời cây. To move a plant from one place and plant it in another.
Gardening: Phonetic transcription: /I`ga.rdnary/. Definition: Nghệ thuật làm vườn. The activity of tending and cultivating a garden.
Cut: Phonetic transcription: /KAU/. Definition: Cắt. The act of using a sharp tool to remove parts of a plant.
Fertilizer: Phonetic transcription not provided in transcript. Definition: Phân bón. A chemical or natural substance added to soil or land to increase its fertility.
Vegetation Categories and Growth Forms
Perennial: Phonetic transcription not provided in transcript. Definition: Lâu năm. A plant that lives for several years.
Deciduous: Phonetic transcription: /Idt'sadgues/. Definition: Rụng lá. Trees or shrubs that shed their leaves annually.
Evergreen: Phonetic transcription: /revargrin/. Definition: Cây lá xanh quanh năm / Cây lá lâu dài. A plant that retains green leaves throughout the year.
Shrub: Phonetic transcription: /frɅb/. Definition: Cây bụi. A woody plant which is smaller than a tree and has several main stems arising at or near the ground.
Bush: Phonetic transcription: /bul/. Definition: Bụi cây. A shrub or clump of shrubs.
Tree: Phonetic transcription: /tri:/. Definition: Cây cối. A woody perennial plant, typically having a single stem or trunk growing to a considerable height.
Vegetation: Phonetic transcription: /vedge'tein/. Definition: Thảm thực vật. Plants considered collectively, especially those found in a particular area or habitat.
Moss: Phonetic transcription: /mo.s/. Definition: Rêu. A small flowerless green plant that lacks true roots.
Grass: Phonetic transcription: /Igræs/. Definition: Cỏ. Vegetation consisting of typically short plants with long, narrow leaves.
Sprout: Phonetic transcription: /sprout/. Definition: Nảy mầm. To produce buds, leaves, or new shoots.
Bloom: Phonetic transcription: /blu:m/. Definition: Nở hoa. To produce flowers; be in flower.
Environmental Factors and Physical Attributes
Hardy: Phonetic transcription: /ha.rdi/. Definition: Chịu đựng / Chịu rồi. Robust; capable of enduring difficult conditions.
Sunlight: Phonetic transcription: /'sAnlart/. Definition: Ánh sáng mặt trời. Direct light from the sun, which is essential for plant growth.
Shade: Phonetic transcription: /Jeid/. Definition: Bóng râm. Comparative darkness and coolness caused by shelter from direct sunlight.
Wither: Phonetic transcription: /'wibar!/. Definition: Khô héo. To become dry and shriveled (of a plant).
Prickly: Phonetic transcription not provided in transcript. Definition: Gai góc. Having many sharp points or prickles.
Fragrant: Phonetic transcription: /trengrant/. Definition: Thơm. Having a pleasant or sweet smell.
Bushy: Phonetic transcription: /bufil/. Definition: Rậm rạp. Growing thickly and resembling a bush.
Green: Phonetic transcription: /Igri.nl/. Definition: Xanh. The color of most living plant foliage.
Climb: Phonetic transcription: /klaim/. Definition: Leo lên. The action of plants that grow upwards by clinging to a surface or other plants.