muscle packet

Page 1: Muscle List

Upper Anterior Muscles

• Sternocleidomastoid

• Pectoralis Major

• Pectoralis Minor

• Biceps Brachii

• Brachialis

• Brachioradialis

• Flexor Digitorum Superficialis

• Palmaris Longus

• Pronator Teres

• Flexor Carpi Radialis

• Flexor Carpi Ulnaris

• Flexor Pollicis Longus

• Flexor Digitorum Profundus

• Rectus Abdominus

• Transverse Abdominus

• Internal Obliques

• External Obliques

Upper Posterior Muscles

• Trapezius

• Levator Scapulae

• Rhomboid Minor

• Rhomboid Major

• Triceps Brachii

• Latissimus Dorsi

• Supraspinatus

• Infraspinatus

• Teres Minor

• Teres Major

• Subscapularis

Upper Lateral Muscles

• Serratus Anterior

• Anterior Deltoid

• Middle Deltoid

• Posterior Deltoid

Body Organization Vocabulary

• Anterior, Posterior, Medial, Lateral

• Distal, Proximal, Inferior, Superior

Lower Anterior Muscles

• Iliopsoas

• Sartorius

• Rectus Femoris

• Vastus Lateralis

• Vastus Medialis

• Vastus Intermedius

• Anterior Tibialis

Lower Posterior Muscles

• Gluteus Maximus

• Semitendinosus

• Semimembranosus

• Biceps Femoris

• Gastrocnemius

• Soleus

Lower Lateral Muscles

• Gluteus Minimus

• Gluteus Medius

• Tensor Fasciae Latae

• Peroneus Longus

Lower Medial Muscles

• Adductor Longus

• Adductor Brevis

• Adductor Magnus

• Gracilis

• Pectineus

Page 2: Muscular System Vocabulary

• Antagonist: Opposes action of another muscle.

• Agonist: Muscle performing the desired action.

• Atrophy: Muscle wasting or decrease in size.

• Contraction: Shortening of muscle.

• Dystrophy: Muscle disorder from defective nutrition or abnormal development.

• Extension: Increasing angle at a joint.

• Flexion: Decreasing angle at a joint.

• Myalgia: Muscle pain.

• Paralysis: Loss of motor function.

• Posture: Body's position.

• Prime Mover: Key muscle for desired movement.

• Range of Motion: Movement of muscle groups.

• Sarcomere: Unit of muscle fibers that contract.

• Skeletal: Pertains to body framework.

• Stimulus: Agent causing change in tissue.

• Tonus: Continuous muscle contraction.

• Visceral: Related to internal organs.

Page 3: Word Breakdown

• Ab-: Moving away

• -itis: Inflammation

• Dist: Distal, far

• -algia: Pain

• Hemi: Half

• My/o: Muscle

• Poster/o: Back

• -sis: Abnormal condition

• Myositis: Muscle inflammation

• Dys-: Bad or painful

• Chondroplasty: Cartilage repair

• -trophy: Development or nourishment

Abbreviations

• ACSM: American College of Sports Medicine

• ATP: Adenosine Triphosphate

• EMG: Electromyography

• PT: Physical Therapy

• OT: Occupational Therapy

• ADL: Activities of Daily Living

• ROM: Range of Motion

Page 4: Upper Muscle Movement

• Trapezius: Shoulder elevation

• Levator Scapulae: Shoulder elevation

• Rhomboids: Scapula retraction

• Sternocleidomastoid: Neck flexion, lateral rotation

• Pectoralis Minor: Shoulder depression

• Serratus Anterior: Scapula protraction

• Triceps Brachii: Elbow extension

• Teres Major: Shoulder adduction, extension, internal rotation

• Posterior Deltoid: Shoulder extension

• Middle Deltoid: Shoulder abduction

• Anterior Deltoid: Shoulder flexion

• Pectoralis Major: Shoulder adduction, internal rotation, flexion

• Rectus Abdominus: Trunk flexion

• Transverse Abdominus: Pulls abdominal wall inward

• External Obliques: Lumbar flexion

• Internal Obliques: Lumbar flexion

• Supraspinatus: Shoulder abduction

• Infraspinatus: Shoulder extension, external rotation

• Teres Minor: Shoulder extension, external rotation

• Subscapularis: Shoulder adduction, internal rotation

• Biceps Brachii: Elbow flexion, shoulder flexion

• Brachialis: Elbow flexion

• Brachioradialis: Elbow flexion, pronation, supination

Page 5: Lower Muscle Movement

• Palmaris Longus: Wrist flexion

• Flexor Digitorum Superficialis: Digit flexion

• Pronator Teres: Forearm pronation, elbow flexion

• Flexor Pollicis Longus: Thumb flexion

• Flexor Digitorum Profundus: Digit flexion

• Flexor Carpi Radialis: Wrist flexion, lateral deviation

• Flexor Carpi Ulnaris: Wrist flexion, medial deviation

• Iliopsoas: Hip flexion

• Sartorius: Hip flexion, external rotation

• Rectus Femoris: Hip flexion, knee extension

• Vastus Lateralis: Knee extension

• Vastus Medialis: Knee extension

• Vastus Intermedius: Knee extension

• Gluteus Maximus: Hip extension

• Semitendinosus: Knee flexion, hip extension

• Semimembranosus: Knee flexion, hip extension

• Biceps Femoris: Knee flexion, hip extension

• Gastrocnemius: Knee flexion, plantar flexion

• Soleus: Plantar flexion

• Gluteus Minimus: Hip abduction

• Gluteus Medius: Hip abduction

• Tensor Fasciae Latae: Hip abduction

• Peroneus Longus: Eversion

• Adductor Longus/Brevis/Magnus: Hip adduction

• Gracilis, Pectineus: Hip adduction

Page 6: Muscular System Outline

• Flexion: Decreases joint angle

• Extension: Increases joint angle

• Abduction: Moves away from midline

• Adduction: Moves towards midline

• Pronation: Turns palms down

• Supination: Turns palms up

Functions of Muscles

• Aids in movement

• Maintains posture

• Protects internal organs

• Moves blood, food, waste

• Opens/closes body openings

Types of Muscle Tissue

• Skeletal Muscle: Striated; voluntary

• Visceral Muscle: Smooth; involuntary

• Cardiac Muscle: Striated; involuntary; found in heart

Page 7: Skeletal Muscle

• Attached via Tendons

• 3 Parts of Skeletal Muscle:

  1. Origin: Less movable attachment

  2. Insertion: More movable attachment

  3. Body: Middle part

Muscle Contraction Types

• Isotonic: Muscle shortening, produces movement

• Isometric: No shortening, tension maintained

• Tetanic: Continued contraction

• Fibrillation: Uncoordinated contraction

• Convulsion: Abnormal muscle group contractions

• Spasms: Involuntary contractions

Page 8: Muscle Fiber Characteristics

• Irritability: Responses to stimuli

• Contractility: Ability to shorten

• Extensibility: Ability to stretch

• Elasticity: Recoils to resting length

Sarcomere

• Basic unit of muscle fibers

• Comprised of actin and myosin

Muscular System Health Concerns

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