ARMY 2040 Notes and Summary

Identity, motto, and framing

• 3ID Reservists and Retirees Affairs (RRA) Concept Development Office of the Assistant Division Commander for Administration, 3ID (Spearhead) – Philippine Army.

• Location and date: Camp Macario Peralta Jr, Jamindan, Capiz; 19 May 2025.

• Theme: ARMY 2040 – WORLD CLASS. MULTI-MISSION READY. CROSS-DOMAIN CAPABLE. Core values listed as HONOR. PATRIOTISM. DUTY.

• Page 1–2 branding repeats the slogan and unit identity; emphasis on a holistic, cross-domain, multi-mission posture.

• Page 2 accents the triad motto with a mnemonic phrase: H – heard; U – understood; A – acknowledged; HOO – AHH, reinforcing LOA (Listen–Observe–Act) or a learning/after-action cadence; tied to the Army 2040 values.

National Security framework and the PEST–EM–LE categorization

• National Security (definition): the state or condition wherein the people’s ways of life and institutions, their territorial integrity and sovereignty, including their well-being, are protected & enhanced. Source: NDCP.

• The NS framework is decomposed across six domains: P, E, S–C, T–S, E, M–LE, reflecting political, economic, socio-cultural, techno-science, environmental, and military–law-enforcement dimensions.

• Represented with checkmarks showing coverage across each domain (P ✔, E ✔, S–C ✔, T–S ✔, E ✔, M–LE ✔) indicating an integrated approach across domains.

• This framing situates ARMY 2040 as operating within a comprehensive national security perspective that spans internal and external dimensions.

Definitions of NS and Public Safety & Security (PSS)

• Public Safety & Security (PSS): defined as the state and condition of integrated pursuit for inclusive welfare/well-being to enhance and sustain quality of life for citizens; deliberately based on an evolving idea of public interest within a complex environment. Sources: NDCP; PPSC.

• National Security (NS) and PSS are presented as complementary: NS focuses on protection and enhancement of life, liberty, sovereignty, and well-being; PSS emphasizes inclusive welfare, safety, and security within the public-interest construct.

• ARMY 2040 framing emphasizes these as foundational to national strategy and organizational policy.

The Aim, Goal, Mission, and Domestic Interests

• The Aim: Decomposing/Deconstructing National Security (Operant Words/Task Verbs/Tasks & Purposes) and identifying NATIONAL INTERESTS and DOMESTIC INTERESTS.

• The Goal and Objective align with the overarching Mission: TASK & Purpose.

• The Domestic Interests are presented as critical conditions (tactical) that define the operational environment: the condition wherein basic services are delivered and people’s wellbeing/interests/rights are protected.

• The Operational Condition (homeland) is described as the PEOPLE’S WAY OF LIFE & INSTITUTIONS being protected, with a relatively sustained level of public safety & security (public value, law & order, stability).

• The Internal operational condition emphasizes enhancement of the cultural, political, and legal character, and the homeland sphere remaining intact/defended.

• The Continuum of Levels of Engagement is framed as posturing by Doctrine–Policy–Strategy & Tactics, with the Peace–Security gap and the potential for NATIONAL CONFLICT.

• The Endstate: Sovereignty defended; People’s way of life and well-being secured; cultural/political/egalitarian character integrated, preserved, and protected at sustained levels; relative peace and security maintained; external threats can escalate to WAR if not contained.

Doctrine-driven framework and internal homeland security

• reiterates the Aim, NATIONAL INTERESTS, The Goal, The Objective, The Mission: TASK & Purpose; DOMESTIC INTERESTS; EXTERNAL INTERESTS.

• PNP mandate and coverage is outlined: enforce the law, prevent and control crimes, maintain peace and order, ensure public safety and internal security with active community support; explicit mention of Law Enforcement, maintaining peace and order, preventing and investigating crimes, and bringing offenders to justice.

• The 1987 Constitution (Section 5) establishes the prescriptive role of the state: maintenance of peace and order, protection of life, liberty, and property, and promotion of general welfare as essential for democracy’s blessings.

• INTERNAL homeland condition: basic services delivered; people’s way of life & institutions protected; cultural/political/legal character preserved, protected, secured.

• Levels of Engagement: as in Page 5, with the continuum advancing from Peace to War and gaps of peace/security illustrating potential conflict dynamics.

• The 31D “Task Force SPEAR” is introduced as a key internal construct driving cross-domain actions within the joint–interagency–SPEAR framework.

External interests and domestic policy framing

• External interests are defined alongside domestic interests; the PNP mandate is reiterated with emphasis on enforcement and public safety with civilian-military coordination.

• The Section 5 constitutional frame reiterates the democratic underpinnings of the security architecture.

• The “LEVELS OF ENGAGEMENT” and the Peace–Security continuum are repeated to emphasize the ongoing tension between peace and potential security breaches.

• The term “SPEAR” reappears as the emblematic Task Force name for cross-domain, joint operations.

Homeland vs external conditions and the internal security architecture

• The page reinforces the internal homeland condition (defense of core services and public order) and the external interests (national security posture).

• The Continuum of Peace–GAP–Security–War is restated; the 31D Task Force SPEAR anchors joint-domain operations across internal and external contexts.

Human motivation, policing, and public legitimacy

• Maslow-inspired framework: basic needs (Physiological, Safety) underpin engagement with policing; self-actualization and growth (self-esteem, belonging) influence community cooperation and legitimacy.

• The slide links public perception, corruption, and incompetence to legitimacy risks for government and security agencies; strong governance, community policing, and meeting basic needs are argued to foster compliance and cooperation.

• The “IF PEOPLE’S BASIC NEEDS ARE SATISFIED, THEY TEND TO FOLLOW LAW AND ORDER” proposition is highlighted as a governance paradox: when needs are met, public safety tends to follow naturally; this endorses investment in welfare and services as a path to stability.

• The slide ends with a reaffirmation of HONOR. PATRIOTISM. DUTY. as core values.

Strategic–Operational Environment (SOE) and information effects

• Introduces the Strategic–Operational Environment as complex/problematic, and its impact on national power.

• Effects of information are highlighted across domains (Cyber, Space, Air, Sea, Land) and cross-domain operations (Joint C4ISR).

• The interagency environment encompasses human interaction (archipelagic considerations), cyberspace, and national government/LGU involvement.

• The figure emphasizes interagency engagement, reserve forces, joint operations, and sustainment as critical components of security.

• The “SOE” connects to the interagency domain with emphasis on HUMANS, communities, and the information environment shaping security outcomes.

Public safety and security terminology; PSS definition (reaffirmed)

• Reiteration of the Public Safety and Security (PSS) definition: integrated pursuit for inclusive welfare and wellbeing; basis in public interest within a complex security environment.

• The page reinforces that PSS and NS are complementary strands of an integrated security framework.

Reserve forces, domestic security theory, and domestic power law

• Page 12–13: Reserve Forces – Establishing stability and resiliency in Western Visayas (R6), Central Visayas (R7), and Negros Island (NIR). Emphasizes political resolve, economic development, socio-cultural harmony, effective technologies, environmental resilience, and a capable 3ID PA to protect core national interests in Western Visayas.

• Repeated emphasis on HONOR. PATRIOTISM. DUTY. and the aim of building local capacity through reserve forces.

• Page 13 reiterates the same Reserve Forces themes and the strategic objective of defense and security in the three regions.

• Page 14 presents theoretical/conceptual ideas of internal (homeland) security:

  • Attributes: willingness to support by domestic communities; relative security and protection; stability and peace as pre-conditions.

  • Intermediate and final conditions model: secure domestic sphere and defeat/security sustainment; domestically driven peace and security outcomes.

  • Cited sources: De Leon et al., 2021; Mazzar et al., 2019; US DoD planning and RAND frameworks; Chon & Druckmann; RAND studies; TCCP guidance; etc.

  • LEGITIMATE USE OF DIMENSIONS OF DOMESTIC POWER: policy-driven, concept-led de Leon 2021 framing.

Strategy concept and environmental shaping

• Strategy Concept header: The Scheme of Action (STRATEGY CONCEPT).

• Strategic Environment Shape: three strategic tasks—Defend, Deter, and Prevent/Converge (influencing outcomes).

• The 20° South China Sea Basin framing and nested lines of effort: secure territorial baselines, protect territorial integrity, support international commitments; prevent/deter, converge, and joint interagency decisions.

• Geographic references: the figure shows varied angular degrees (20°, 18°, 16°, 14°, 12°, 10°, 8°) representing operating envelopes or domains of influence in the maritime-archipelagic context. The diagram references Palawan Trough, Manila Trench, Sulu Sea, Philippine Mobile Belt, etc.

• The 31D TASK FORCE SPEAR is reiterated as a central operational construct (with map symbols like SPEAR and FORCE). The scale bar notes ~km extents.

Joint domain operations and warfighting functions

• Joint Domain framing: Joint Mission Essential Task Force – Combatant Approach; Warfighting Functions list includes Awareness, Access, Control, Cyberspace, Space, Air, Sea, Land.

• Emphasis on employing Joint C4ISR (Command, Control, Communications, Computers, Intelligence, Surveillance, and Reconnaissance).

• Conduct Integrated Cyber, Air, Naval, and Land Operations (OPs).

• Conduct Joint Special Operations; Conduct Inter-Agency Engagement; Employ Reserve Forces; Provide Joint Support/Sustainment.

• Warfighting Functions (non-materiel and materiel considerations): Doctrine, Organization, Personnel, Leadership, Training, Materiel, Facilities; Interventions: Policy Factors, Time, Peace–Crisis–War cycles, Space, Maritime, Regular–Reserve–Inter-Agency–Multi-National posture; Targets: Suitability, Feasibility, Acceptability, Risk; Mission Command; Movement and Maneuver; Intelligence; Fires; Sustainment; Protection.

HONOR–PATRIOTISM–DUTY and reserve-force development dynamics

• The three core values are restated: HONOR. PATRIOTISM. DUTY.

• The slide lists the five domains of national security that are tracked for policy and operational alignment: Political, Economic, Socio-Cultural, Techno-Science, Environmental, Military–Law Enforcement (and their interconnections).

• It notes “RESERVE FORCE DEVELOPMENT DYNAMICS” as a key area for capability growth and continuity of operations.

Readiness, futures ops, and the domestic security focus

• Vision of an ABLE-BODIED CITIZENS framework: physically secured environment and psychologically secured environment; peace vs crisis vs war transitions.

• Focus on internal expansion (Base of Expansion) and external focus (Focus of Effort) in scenarios, with themes for Future OPS:

  • NS Objectives; Contingencies; Rationale; Support for JTF Spear; Mission themes.

• Joint Inter-Agency Engagement & Collaboration — Develop, Organize, Train, Equip, Administer; Capable, Responsive, Mobilizable Reserve Forces (Ready Reserve I/II, Standby Reserve, Affiliated Reserve Unit).

• Resource and TO&E considerations: move, shoot, communicate; facilities; supervision; management; administration.

• Warfighting operations and Other Than War (OTW) contexts are highlighted as essential for stability and readiness.

End of information brief and organizational framing

• Page 19 presents the formal header (3ID RRA Concept Development Office) and reiterates the ARMY 2040 framing with the closing line “Subject to your questions… This is the end of this information brief.”

• Page 20 repeats the same closing slide with identical framing and closing message.

12 Clusters Implementation Plan and sectoral pillars

• The 12 Clusters Implementation Plan is laid out under the Peace and Security/Development framework:

  • PEACE LAW ENFORCEMENT (PLEDS)

  • INFRASTRUCTURE (IRM)

  • LIVELIHOOD (LPRE)

  • BASIC SERVICES (BS)

  • SITUATIONAL AWARENESS/Knowledge Management (SAKM)

  • E-CLIP (EAP)

  • SECTORAL (SUBBEN)

  • STRATCOM (SC)

  • NATIONAL PLAN-ELCAC

  • LEGAL (LCC-CLASS)

  • LOCAL GOVERNMENT (LGE)

• The aim is a holistic approach to stabilize and develop communities via integrated governance and security measures; the local peace track (LPE) and international (IE) domains are included.

Genuine political settlement, policing, and tracks to peace

• Presents a structured peace process with two tracks:

  • Political, Economic & Socio-Cultural Track: address core issues and root causes of insurgency; develop resilient institutions; reduce recruitment and ISW/WAO by addressing grievances.

  • Law Enforcement & Military Track: entice surrender, delegitimize insurgents through law enforcement; sustained military operations to degrade CTG capabilities; ensure post-conflict stability.

• Post-conflict scenarios emphasize peace engagement, local governance empowerment, and international engagement; includes Amnesty/E-CLIP, AFP–PNP joint operations, and peace/development efforts.

• The strategic objective is a stable, unified nation with good governance by 2028.

3ID Philippine Army employment and deterrence mechanisms

• The 3ID PA is positioned to address threats through political resolve and stability; economic development; socio-cultural harmony and integration; use of technology; environmental resiliency; and national-interest protection in Western Visayas.

• Defeat mechanisms: Destroy, Dislocate, Disintegrate, Isolate.

• Stability mechanisms: Compel, Control, Influence, Support.

• End state: a whole-of-nation approach delivering good governance and security; alignment with national strategic objectives.

War fighting functions and the national-security construct

• War Fighting Functions (8): While not all items are listed verbatim here, the page emphasizes key warfighting functions within the Joint Domain framework:

  • Awareness, Access, Control, Cyberspace operations, Space, Air, Sea, Land.

  • Joint C4ISR; Integrated cyber, air, naval, and land operations; inter-agency engagement; reserve forces; joint sustainment.

• Non-materiel (doctrinal) components include Doctrine, Organization, Personnel, Leadership, Training; Materiel and Facilities; Interventions (Policy factors).

• The non-materiel and materiel elements are integrated across the space–cyber–maritime–land domains with a target to sustain inter-service and inter-agency effectiveness.

AFP Vision 2028 and core values; situation map framing

• AFP Vision 2028: A World-class Armed Forces, source of national pride.

• JTF SPEAR Situation Map: shows the geographic and operational footprint, symbolizing cross-domain integration and the SPEAR construct.

• AFP Core Values: HONOR. SERVICE. PATRIOTISM.

• The slide underscores the national pride and the aspirational posture of the Philippine Army within the broader Armed Forces framework.

Geographic scope and island map index

• A detailed geographic map listing numerous Philippine islands and archipelagic features: Tablas, Romblon, Sibuyan, Panay, Negros, Cebu, Bohol, Leyte, Samar, Siargao, Mactan, Bantayan, Malapascua, Palawan, Calamianes, Romblon provinces, and many other islets (e.g., Tablas, Boracay, Cobrador, Maniguin, Sibuyan, Masbate, Burauen, Guiuan, Calicoan, Limasawa, Panaon, Poro, Poro Island, Poro, etc.).

• The map emphasizes the archipelagic geography critical to the joint-domain and sea-denial/sea-control considerations of ARMY 2040.

• This geographic context reinforces the operational need for sea-lane awareness, inter-island mobility, and defense of territorial baselines in a dispersed archipelago.

Connections to foundational principles and implications

• The ARMY 2040 framing consistently ties national security to a holistic, multi-domain approach integrating political, economic, socio-cultural, techno-scientific, environmental, and military–law-enforcement perspectives.

• Public safety and security are positioned as a shared responsibility across the state, LGUs, and civilian institutions, with a strong emphasis on local stability, governance, and people-centric security.

• The Reserve Force development and inter-agency collaboration are central to sustaining capability across regions (R6, R7, NIR) and ensuring resilience against hybrid threats and insidious governance challenges.

• The strategy emphasizes legitimacy through meeting basic human needs, governance quality, and community engagement as a path to sustainable peace and security (Maslow-inspired framing and governance paradox).

• The doctrinal emphasis on Joint Domain, C4ISR, and inter-agency collaboration aligns with modern security practice: information-centric, multi-domain operations with integrated planning, execution, and sustainment.

• Ethical and practical implications include balancing security with civil liberties, ensuring legitimacy of force projection, and addressing root causes of conflict via inclusive development (ELCAC-style approach).

Formulas and numerical references (LaTeX notation)

• Endstate and baselines references involve multiple degrees and scales in the environmental/operational diagrams. Notable numerical framing includes:

• Operating envelope angles: $20^\circ$, $18^\circ$, $16^\circ$, $14^\circ$, $12^\circ$, $10^\circ$, $8^\circ$ (representing strategic operating angles or sectors in the joint-domain diagram).

• The document lists numerical items such as the 12 Clusters, 8 War Fighting Functions, and the 31D Task Force SPEAR construct; these are used as organizing units of analysis rather than mathematical equations.

• When referring to distances on the maps, use of kilometers is implied (e.g., km scale on the figure of SPEAR), but exact values are not exhaustively enumerated in the transcript.

Summary takeaways

• ARMY 2040 frames a holistic, cross-domain security architecture anchored in HONOR. PATRIOTISM. DUTY., with a strong emphasis on national and domestic interests, public safety, and resilient local communities.

• The Reserve Forces and interagency collaboration are central to capability development and regional stability (R6/R7/NIR in Western Visayas, Central Visayas, Negros Island).

• The strategic emphasis is on preventing conflicts, deterring adversaries, and shaping favorable conditions via joint-domain operations, information-centric warfare, and integrated governance.

• The geographic and archipelagic context is critical to securing territorial baselines and protecting the sea-lanes, with a long-term objective of a world-class Army by 2028 that is a source of national pride.

Endnotes

• The material combines strategic planning, doctrinal development, civil-military coordination, and regional stability objectives under the banner of ARMY 2040 and JTF SPEAR concepts.

• The content is presented as an information brief and planning synthesis intended for questions and further discussion with stakeholders.