Grade 10_Chapter14_Reproduction in Plants
Reproduction in Plants
Page 1
Topic: Reproduction in Plants
Grade Level: 10
Academic Year: 2024/2025
Instructor: Digna Nur Annisa M
Page 2: Lesson Objectives
Asexual Reproduction
Definition: A process resulting in production of genetically identical offspring from one parent.
Identifying Examples: Diagrams and images of asexual reproduction.
Advantages & Disadvantages:
In wild populations
In crop production
Sexual Reproduction
Definition: Involves the fusion of the nuclei of two gametes to form a zygote, resulting in genetically different offspring.
Fertilisation: The fusion of gamete nuclei.
Nucleus Types: Gametes (haploid), Zygote (diploid).
Advantages & Disadvantages in:
Wild populations
Crop production
Page 3: Lesson Objectives
Sexual Reproduction in Plants
Identify parts of an insect-pollinated flower: sepals, petals, stamens, filaments, anthers, carpels, style, stigma, ovary, ovules.
Functions of Flower Parts
Compare anthers/stigmas of wind-pollinated flowers to insect-pollinated flowers.
Distinguish pollen grains between insect-pollinated and wind-pollinated flowers.
Definition: Pollination as the transfer of pollen from anther to stigma.
Page 4: Further Objectives
Fertilisation Process: Pollen nucleus fuses with ovule nucleus.
Structural Adaptations: Insect vs. wind-pollinated flowers.
Germination Conditions: Requirements include water, oxygen, and suitable temperature.
Page 5: Reproduction Types
Comparison of asexual and sexual reproduction in strawberry plants.
Discuss reproductive processes shown in photographs.
Page 6: Stolons
Description: Stems above ground that develop into new plants.
Purpose: Spread out for nutrient acquisition.
Example: Strawberry plants.
Page 7: Chromosomes in Reproduction
Each new organism inherits a set of chromosomes from its parent.
Chromosomes: DNA threads with genes as instructions.
Page 8: Asexual Reproduction in Detail
Involves one parent.
Cell division leads to identical offspring.
Example: Potatoes reproducing by stem tubers.
Conditions for growth of stems above (photosynthetic) and below soil (tuber formation).
Page 9: More Examples of Asexual Reproduction
Bacterial reproduction: One cell splits into two.
Hydra: Develops buds that mature into new individuals.
Page 10: Advantages and Disadvantages of Asexual Reproduction
Advantages:
Rapid and efficient offspring production.
Disadvantages:
Lack of genetic diversity.
Vulnerability to diseases.
Page 11: Sexual Reproduction Overview
Gametes produced by parent organisms (eggs and sperm).
Fertilisation process: nuclei from gametes fuse to form a zygote.
Offspring exhibit genetic variation due to parental chromosome combination.
Page 12: Gamete Formation
Human body cells contain 46 chromosomes.
Gametes (haploid) have 23 chromosomes; fusion creates a diploid zygote.
Page 13: Types of Gametes
Female Gametes: Large, non-movable, e.g., ovule nucleus in plants, egg in animals.
Male Gametes: Smaller, movable, e.g., pollen grains in plants, sperm in animals.
Page 14: Chromosome Sets
Humans: 2 sets of chromosomes (23 each from parents = 46 total, diploid).
Gamete production via meiosis: halves chromosome number (haploid).
Page 15: Hermaphrodites in Plants
Many flowering plants produce both male and female gametes (hermaphrodites).
Page 16: Advantages and Disadvantages of Sexual Reproduction
Advantages:
Increased genetic diversity.
Less vulnerability to diseases.
Disadvantages:
Slower reproductive process.
Page 17-48: Exam Questions from Past Papers
Series of questions assessing understanding of both asexual and sexual reproduction concepts, gamete formation, pollination methods, advantages and disadvantages of each reproductive type, and conditions for seed germination.
Summary of Pollination Types (Insect vs Wind):
Insect-pollinated flowers often have bright petals, scent, and nectar.
Wind-pollinated flowers are generally inconspicuous, lack scent, and produce large quantities of lightweight pollen.
Seed Germination Requirements:
Essential factors: Water, oxygen, suitable temperature
Efficient germination conditions allow for optimal metabolic activity.