Messenger functions/ Cell cycle

Transcription- takes place in the nucleus. Cell makes a copy ( taking from one persons word and rewritten in your language) (script means write/ rewriting it from DNA to RNA) still writing with nucleotides just writing in a simpler form.

Translation- ( rewriting it in a different language) taking tRNA and turning it into protein. Taking nucleotides and adding amino acids to make proteins. takes place in cytoplasm

RNA polymerase- enzymes because it ends in “ase”. 1. Finds a start spot for the gene we need. Then reads the DNA once it is binded to a promoter region.

Ribosome RNA- large subunits and smalls sub unit- basically two sides that are going to be reading the message rna.

MRNA- nucleotide after nucleotide. Reads 3 base units at a time.

TRNA- has the anti codon, the pair that matched up with the 3 base sequence

What kind of chemical reaction do we use for synthesis- dehydration synthesis

Codon- lives on messenger RNA. The three base sequence on the messenger RNA.

Anticodon- The matching nucleotide sequence on the transfer RNA

  1. Messenger

  2. Ribosome RNA

  3. Amino acids

  4. Proteins

  5. Transfer RNA

(Look at figure in the slide)

Make protein then send it to the GOLGI and then the Golgi sends it to the vesicle.

Cell Cycle

If two cells break in half they are most likely going to have the same DNA called (daughter cells)

All the are called interphase

1st gap phase- (growing up and learning how to life life) growth and normal development

2nd gap phase- ( settling down and getting in preparation to retire) growth and preparation from mitosis.

Mitosis Phase

1.Prophase- cromatine has to start clumping together to start forming chromosomes

2.Metaphase- lined up in the middle

3.Anaphase - separates them out

4.Telophase- divide into separate cells

Meiosis - has half the DNA and is how we get the term

Mitosis- Both of the new cells look like the original cells

Genotype- is what your alleles on your chromosomes code for

Phenotype- is what the body actually shows us.

Cancer

Cancer- cells growing out of control and nothing is slowing them down. Turns into a growth or a mass.

Malignant-Invade other tissues and it can spread to other parts of the body

Malian- is trying to do harm

Nitrogen bases

  1. Adenine

  2. Tyrosine

  3. Guanine

  4. Cytosine

Nucleotides are the monomer of nucleic acids. ( the building blocks)

DNA- genetic material for the human. DNA can never leave the nucleus. 1 of 4 organic molecules. (Chromatin is the material that makes up DNA).

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