Philippine Literature (Literary Periods)

Philippine Literature Overview

Page 1: Introduction

  • Philippine Literature: A rich tapestry influenced by various cultural traditions and historical events.

Page 2: Agenda

  • Understanding Influences:

    • Indigenous, Spanish, American, and contemporary periods have shaped Philippine literature.

Page 3: Literary Periods in the Philippines

  • Timeline of Literary Periods:

    • Precolonial: Early Times - 1565

    • Spanish: 1565-1898

    • American: 1898-1946

    • Japanese: 1941-1945

    • Post-War: 1946 – Present

Page 11: Precolonial Literature

  • Social Structure:

    • Barangays led by a datu or raja.

    • Classes: Maharlika, Timawa, Alipin.

  • Religion and Beliefs:

    • Animism, worship of Bathala, and roles of Babaylan and Katalonan.

  • Cultural Practices:

    • Weaving, metalworking, pottery, and boat making.

    • Tattoos as symbols of status and bravery.

Page 12-13: Forms of Precolonial Literature

  • Folktales: Oral traditions conveying culture and values.

  • Fables: Short stories with moral lessons.

  • Legends: Historical events mixed with fantasy.

  • Epics: Long narratives showcasing national identity.

  • Proverbs: Short sayings conveying wisdom.

  • Myths: Supernatural stories explaining natural phenomena.

Page 14-16: Spanish Colonial Period

  • Arrival and Governance:

    • Magellan's arrival in 1521; Spanish settlement in 1565.

    • Centralized rule under the governor-general.

  • Cultural Changes:

    • Conversion to Catholicism and suppression of indigenous beliefs.

    • Introduction of Spanish language and education.

  • Social Hierarchy:

    • Class divisions: Peninsulares, Insulares, Mestizos, Indios.

  • Colonial Mentality: Preference for Western culture, classism, and institutional corruption.

Page 17-18: Spanish Literature

  • Religious Literature: Doctrina Cristiana, Pasyon, Novena.

  • Recreational Plays: Senakulo, Tibag.

  • Novels: "Noli Me Tangere," "El Filibusterismo."

  • Poetry: Dung-aw, Awit, Korido.

Page 19-21: American Period

  • Historical Context:

    • Spanish-American War (1898) led to U.S. control.

    • Philippine-American War (1899-1902) for independence.

  • Cultural Influence:

    • Spread of English and American culture.

    • Education reforms and the introduction of public schooling.

  • Social Issues:

    • Colonial mentality, social stratification, and racial discrimination.

Page 22-23: American Literature

  • Literary Periods:

    • Re-orientation (1898-1910): Transition from Spanish to American rule.

    • Imitation (1910-1924): Mimicking Western styles.

    • Self-discovery (1925-1941): Emergence of distinct Filipino literature.

  • Forms of Literature: Poetry, short stories, essays, plays.

Page 24-25: Japanese Occupation

  • Historical Context:

    • Japanese invasion in 1941 and military rule (1942-1945).

  • Censorship and Repression:

    • Suppression of English and promotion of Nihongo.

    • Economic hardships and forced labor.

  • Resistance Movements: Rise of guerilla fighters and underground press.

Page 26-29: Japanese Literature

  • Literary Forms:

    • Tanaga and Haiku: Traditional poetry forms.

    • Short Stories: Themes of patriotism and resilience.

    • Essays: Reflections on wartime experiences.

    • Plays: Critiques of social issues.

Page 30-31: Postwar/Contemporary Literature

  • Independence and Political Instability:

    • Independence from the U.S. in 1946; rise of political factions.

  • Cultural Renaissance: Growth of contemporary literature and art.

  • Globalization and Technology: Impact of social media on activism.

Page 32: Contemporary Literary Forms

  • Literary Output: Newspapers, poetry, short stories, novels, and Filipino films.

Page 33: Conclusion

  • Historical Impact: Foreign invasions have significantly shaped Filipino history, literature, culture, and beliefs.

Page 34: Acknowledgment

  • Thank You: Appreciation for the