Ch 3

Parallel planes - Planes that don’t intersect.

Parallel lines - Lines that don’t intersect.

Segments and rays are parallel if they are contained in parallel lines.

Skew lines - lines that not coplanar and don’t intersect.

Three ways to determine a unique plane

  1. Three non-collinear points

  2. Pair of parallel lines

  3. Pair of intersecting lines

Parallel Postulate - If there is a line and a point that is not on the line, then there is exactly one line through the point parallel to the given line.

Perpendicular Postulate - If there is a line and a point that is not on the line, then there is exactly one line through the point perpendicular to the given line.

Transversal - A line that intersects two or more coplanar lines in two different points.

When two lines are intersected by a transversal 8 angels are formed and they have different names based on their location. Some of them are:

  • Alternate interior angles

  • Alternate exterior angles

  • Consecutive interior of same side angles

  • Corresponding angles

Parallel line and transversal relationships

  • Parallel lines > corresponding angles are congruent

  • Parallel lines > alternate interior angles are congruent

  • Parallel lines > alternate exterior angles are congruent

  • Parallel lines > consecutive interior angles are supplementary

Other rules

  • If two lines are parallel then they are always coplanar.

  • If two lines are not coplanar then they never intersect.

  • If three lines intersect at one point then they are sometimes coplanar.

  • If two lines are skew to a third then they are sometimes skew to each other.

  • If two lines are parallel to the same lines, then they are parallel to each other.

Proving lines are parallel

  • Corresponding angles are congruent > parallel lines

  • Alternate interior angles are congruent > parallel lines

  • Alternate exterior lines are congruent > parallel lines

  • Consecutive interior angles are supplementary > parallel lines