urinalysis

• tested through instant dipstick to screen for infections or conditions

• should happen at every antinatal appointment

• can test for conditions like pre-eclampsia

• should immediately observe colour/ clarity/ odour

• if abnormal result- is it fresh/ what have eaten today/ any symptoms

30 seconds-

• glucose- diabetes

• bilrubin

40 seconds-

• ketones- dehydration

• glcosuria

60 seconds-

• vaginal bleeding

• PH level

• protien- pre-eclampsia

• nitrates infaction- infection

120 seconds-

• leucocytes- infection

fluid balance chart-

• difference between fluid entering body VS exiting body

• help record fluid

• calulate overal ballence for day.