Resurrection Studies and the Shift in Scholarly Consensus
Introduction to the Veritas Forum
- Engaging university students and faculty in discussions about life’s hardest questions and the relevance of Jesus Christ.
- Shift in resurrection studies over the past 30 years.
Changes in Scholarly Attitudes
- In the 1970s, skepticism regarding the resurrection was prevalent; only evangelicals discussed the empty tomb.
- Majority of New Testament scholars and theologians today accept the reality of the empty tomb and resurrection appearances.
- Transition from skeptical (D grades) to acceptance (C grades or higher) of resurrection claims.
Data and Methodology in Resurrection Studies
- Research background: dissertation on resurrection at Michigan State with a diverse, skeptical committee.
- Committee approval for topic with the stipulation: do not argue for resurrection based on biblical claims.
- Development of the "minimal facts method" to support claims of resurrection based on available data.
Minimal Facts Approach
- Engages with the New Testament as literature, regardless of its divine inspiration claims.
- Asserts that reliable historical data still supports the idea of Jesus’ resurrection.
Historical Evidence and New Testament Reliability
- Emphasis on texts: 1 Corinthians 15 and Galatians 1-2, where Paul passes on teachings he received about Jesus’ resurrection.
- Early creedal traditions in the New Testament support the resurrection narrative, with Bart Ehrman asserting early origins (one year post-crucifixion).
- Importance of eyewitness accounts and their teachings about resurrection.
Eyewitness Credibility
- Paul's change from persecutor of Christians to apostle raises questions about credibility and reliability.
- Eyewitness testimony remains a cornerstone in historical methods, despite personal backgrounds.
Statistical Support for a Historical Resurrection
- Skeptics acknowledge that Jesus was crucified and followers had transformative experiences post-death.
- Bart Ehrman and other notable scholars recognize the data leading to the belief in resurrection appearances among followers.
The Martyr Argument
- Martyrdom demonstrates belief in the events occurred, reinforcing their accounts, although martyrdom alone doesn't validate the truth.
- The historical reliability of apostles, despite their flaws, is considered credible in light of early 1st-century scholarship.
Historical Context Comparisons
- Comparison with ancient history and other historical figures to highlight the data support for resurrection claims.
- Discussion on the timing and proximity of New Testament accounts to actual events boosts their credibility.
Conclusion: The Nature of Faith and Skepticism
- Emotional versus rational reasons for belief; many skeptics may reject the resurrection narrative despite historical evidence.
- Acknowledgment that personal biases influence interpretations of evidence in religious beliefs, including the situations of skepticism towards naturalism and atheism.
Questions and Discussion
- Open floor for audience questions.
- Engaging in dialogue about the reliability of witnesses and the implications of skeptics recognizing historical facts but distinguishing personal belief.
Key Themes and Concepts
- Evolution of the Resurrection Debate: Shift in scholarly acceptance over 30 years.
- Validity of Evidence: Use of New Testament passages as early creedal records.
- Importance of Eyewitness Accounts: Credibility of apostles and their transformative experiences.
- Martyrdom: Demonstrative of belief but not a proof of truth.
- Encountering Skepticism: Emotional biases affecting faith engagement.