Chapter 13 vo

Selective breeding- Method of breeding that allows only those individual organisms with desired characteristics to produce the next generation.

Hybridization- A breeding technique that involves crossing dissimilar individuals to bring together the best traits of both organisms

Inbreeding- Continued breeding of individuals with similar characteristics to maintain the desired characteristics of a line of organisms.

Genetic engineering- Process of making changes in the DNA code of living organisms.

Restriction enzyme- Enzyme that cuts DNA at a specific sequence of nucleotides.

Gel electrophoresis- Procedure used to separate and analyze DNA fragments by placing a mixture of DNA fragments at one end of porous gel and applying an electrical voltage to the gel. 

Recombinant DNA- DNA produced by combining DNA from different sources.

Polymerase chain reaction- Technique that allows molecular biologists to make many copies of a particular gene.

Plasmid- Small circular piece of DNA

Genetic marker- Gene that makes it impossible to distinguish bacteria that carry a plasmid with foreign DNA from those that don’t

Transgenic- Term used to refer to an organism that contains genes from other organisms

Clone- Member of a population of genetically identical cells produced from a single cell,