Mono, Bi , multi, pluri

Standard Variety

  • a language that has undergone substantial modification of grammar and usage.
  • philippine English - language used by filipinos in domains (science, math, English, scholarly discourse )

Regional variety

  • regional dialects
  • bisaya, cebuano, etc

language- standardized code

dialects - spoken vernacular codes

monolingual
  • unilingual

A person is monolingual if he does not have access to more than one linguistic codes

Social communication

  • underpin social context

Issues

  • if u only speak one language proficiently, - linguistic genocide (not entertaining other foreign languages)
  • monolingualism causes inability to see value
Bilingualism
  • ability to speak two languages proficiently

social bilingualism

some people views bilingualism as positive and some as negative

  1. Compound bilingualism
  • amalgamated
  • 2 languages in same context/environment
  • both parents speak in both languages speak to u indiscriminately
  • no accent (?)
  • \

  1. Coordinate bilingualism

    • 2 languages, diff contexts/settings
    • learn a language thru seminar, programs, (because its is required)

  2. subordinate bilingualism

    • grammar translation methods
    • educational system started that way
    • first language can help understand 2nd language.
Multilingualism

  • global importance

  • grow up in diff cultures and multiple languages

  • interculturalists and multilingualists

  • 2 domains

    • Individual Multilingualism

    • personal sphere

    • ability of indiv to use more than 2 languages fluently

    • learn languages on your own

    • Societal Multilingualism

    • put pressure on you

    • communities where multiple languages co-exist side by side

    • Zamboanga: bisaya, chavacano etc

covert multilingualism

  • situation when individuals deny competency and knowledge of other knowledge (due to societal pressures)
  • Covert multilingualism refers to the situation where a person is able to speak or understand more than one language, but chooses not to reveal this ability to others. This may occur for a variety of reasons, such as a desire to avoid discrimination, to maintain privacy, or to avoid being seen as an outsider in a monolingual environment.
Plurilingualism
  • capacity and competence to learn more than 1 language
  • intercultural competence
  • ability of individual WHO HAS COMPETENCE OF MORE THAN 1 LANGUAGE TO SWITCH TO ANOTHER LANGUAGE DEPENDING ON THE SITUATION

Plurilingualism - Switching from one language to another without too much difficulty

code switching- act of using two languages together

  • taglish etc