Art and Art Criticism Review

Attendance

  • Christy

  • Jayla

  • Jana

  • Britt

  • Tiara

  • Patricia

  • Tiana

  • Luis

  • Gerard

  • Priscilla

  • Rafael

  • Maddie

  • Brianna

Test Preparation Discussion

  • Students were informed about the upcoming long test

  • Test Format: 40 multiple choice questions

  • The instructor planned to go through the relevant questions with the students.

Janet Echelman

  • Mentioned materials: plastic, fiber, steel, lights, glass, copper

  • Known for large nets that interact with wind

Key Questions and Answers

  1. Iconography:

    • Definition: The symbolic meaning of subjects and signs used to convey ideas important to particular cultures and religions.

  2. Representational Art:

    • Definition: A style that refers to the natural world, where subjects depict figures or objects in a recognizable way.

    • Distinction: "Figurative" refers specifically to human forms; "nonrepresentational" shows no reference to the natural world.

  3. Closed Form:

    • Definition: When mass encloses space.

  4. Medium:

    • Definition: The particular material along with its accompanying technique used to create artwork.

    • Mixed Media Artworks: Created using more than one style, several artists, or different materials.

  5. Monochromatic Color Scheme:

    • Definition: A color scheme limited to variations of one hue.

  6. Classical Art:

    • Definition: Refers to the art of ancient Greece and Rome.

  7. Linear Perspective:

    • Definition: A method that provides the illusion of three-dimensional space on a two-dimensional surface, important in Raphael's "School of Athens".

  8. Sir Isaac Newton:

    • In 1666, discovered that white light is composed of all colors of the spectrum.

    • Spelling: Isaac, N-e-w-t-o-n.

  9. Intensity of Color:

    • Definition: The relative purity or saturation of a hue on a scale from bright to dull.

  10. Kinetic Art:

    • Example: Alexander Calder's mobile, known for movement.

  11. Architectural Concerns:

    • Space: Architects are concerned primarily with the qualities of space.

  12. Composition:

    • Definition: The organization of visual elements in painting or photography.

  13. Unity:

    • Definition: Condition where all elements of a work belong together.

  14. Rhythm:

    • Definition: Repetitive ordering of design elements, differs from pattern.

  15. Balance:

    • Definition: Equilibrium achieved where opposing forces are held in check.

  16. Symmetrical Balance:

    • Definition: Near or exact matching of left and right sides.

  17. Art Criticism Methods:

    • Expressive Theories: Discern personal elements in art.

    • Contextual Theories: Focus on cultural systems behind works of art.

    • Formal Theories: Value stylistic innovation over personal expression.

  18. Subordination:

    • Definition: The use of lesser interest areas to keep viewer focus.

  19. Focal Point:

    • Definition: The part of the composition that draws the viewer's attention.

  20. Directional Forces:

    • Example: Francisco Goya's bullfight, design based on scale and direction.

  21. Censorship:

    • Definition: When an artist's freedom is restricted by civil authorities.

  22. Assemblage:

    • Definition: Sculpture made by assembling found or cast-off objects, which may or may not contribute their original identities.

  23. Visual Weight:

    • Definition: The appearance of heaviness or lightness in a two-dimensional composition.

  24. Mosaic:

    • Definition: A picture or pattern created by assembling small colored pieces of hard materials.

  25. Iconoclast:

    • Definition: Literally means "image breaker."

  26. Hierarchy of Scale:

    • Definition: Use of unnatural proportions to show the relative importance of figures.

  27. Basilica:

    • Definition: A Roman town hall with three aisles, adopted by Christians for churches.

  28. Gothic Architecture:

    • Style prevalent in Western Europe characterized by pointed arches, ribbed vaults, and flying buttresses.

  29. Fresco Technique:

    • Definition: Technique where pigments are applied to freshly laid plaster; in Sopcar interiors like the Sistine Chapel.

  30. Catacombs:

    • Definition: Underground burial places in ancient Rome, often decorated with paintings.

Test Details

  • Next class: Review of study material

  • Test scheduled for 1:00 PM

  • Students instructed to bring a pen, not a pencil.