rhetoric



Allusion: References to well-known historical documents or figures

Ex: References to holy texts like the bible or famous political writings like the Declaration of Independence. 



Situational Irony:  When conveying their message, it is clear that something is happening when the opposite of it should be happening.  

Ex: Jefferson fought for liberty and said “all men”, but didn’t care about the freedom of slaves



Juxtaposition:  Common Theme of placing two ideas together for comparison or contrast.



Logos:  Expert Testimony, Quotes, Specific detailing



Ethos: Shared Values, Experience; (religion, family, patriotism)



Pathos: Emotions, tone, diction; negative and/or positive



Repetition: Repetition of a word or phrase to create emphasis in the writing

Ex: Repeated use of the word “____” to establish “____”



Word Choice: Connotation and specific emphasis; “sir,” “we,” (Can include/link to tone; the author’s attitude towards the audience/subject)



Parallel Structure: The use of repetition or specific sentence/paragraph structure to create emphasis; first and last sentences being similar/same.



Figurative language: Metaphors, imagery, similes, hyperboles, etc. to create emphasis and/or atmosphere.



GOOD VOCAB: Contrasts=Juxtaposes, Argues=Eludicates, Says=Illustrates, 



Strategies:

  • Take 10 minutes to annotate thoroughly,

  • Take 5 minutes to make an outline

  • Take 8 minutes to write an introduction

  • Take 18 minutes to write body paragraphs

  • Take 5 minutes to write a conclusion 

  • Take 4 minutes to check for grammatical errors and flow. 





Thesis:

In “___” speech/letter/writing, “___” (they/she/he) uses “____” and “____” to argue/elucidate “purpose” 




Intro Ideas:

  • Hook; Quote, fact, summary, etc.

  • Broad to Specific

  • Context; audience, time period, speaker’s background

  • Thesis (Listed above)




Body Paragraph Format:

  • Topic Sentence

  • Evidence

  • Explanation

  • Why

  • Transition

  • Evidence

  • Explanation

  • Why

  • Concluding Sentence




Conclusion Ideas:

  • Connect to some current events (Maybe to politics in regards to war/ civil unrest)

  • Why is this impactful? 

  • Leave an image in the readers mind(Powerful Last Sentence)