a) Newton's laws

a) Newton’s three laws of motion

c) net force = rate of change of momentum; F = Δp / Δt

Newton’s first law of motion

• an object will remain at a constant velocity unless acted on by a resultant force

Newton’s second law of motion

• F = Δp / Δt

• → F ∝ rate of change of p

Newton’s third law of motion

• two objects interact

• → exert equal and opposite forces of the same type onto each other