AP world vocab quiz

abolish

to do away with; to put a stop to

absolute monarchy

an authoritarian governing system in which a hereditary ruler holds complete power until death

aristocracy

a high-ranking social class, having special privileges and influence and usually determined by heredity

autonomy

freedom and independence; self-governance

bourgeoisie

the middle class

citizen

a person belonging by birth or naturalization to a political and geographic entity, especially a nation

communism

the theory of a classless social system in which all property and means of production are owned in common; socialist theory theory deriving from the works of Karl Marx and Friedrich Engels

conservative

a person who favors the traditional and opposes rapid change

constitution

the set of basic laws and principles by which a nation, state, or other organization is governed

consumer

one who purchases goods or services

democracy

• a form of government in which power ultimately rests with the people, either directly or through elected representatives

Enlightenment

• an eighteenth-century philosophical movement that emphasized the use of reason

ethnic nationalism

• a form of nationalism wherein the nation is defined by a shared heritage, which usually includes a common language, a common faith, and a common ethnic ancestry

factory

• a building or set of buildings where products are manufactured

fossil fuels

• any carbon-containing fuel formed from the remains of prehistoric plants and animals, such as coal, petroleum, and

natural gas

• socially constructed characteristics of women and men, such as norms, roles, and relationships of and between groups of women and men (World Health Organization)

ideology

• the body of beliefs, symbols, and political and social aims that characterizes a particular group or institution

independence

• the quality or state of being independent; freedom from outside control

industrial

• of or pertaining to the production of goods and services by industry (the activity or process of turning raw materials into finished goods, or a particular business that does this

invest

• to spend with the intention of gaining some benefit

liberal

• one who believes in a progressive political philosophy, which favors government promotion of social change and the importance of individual liberty

manufacture

• to make by machine, usually in great quantities

nation

• a people living in the same geographic region and having a common history, language, and culture

nation-state

• the modern autonomous (self-governing) nation, considered as a unit of political organization

nationalism

• concern for or devotion to one’s own nation, especially desire for national progress, defense, or independence

proletariat

• the working class, especially those that lack capital and must sell their usually unskilled labor in order to survive

radical

• a person who advocates fundamental or extreme social and political changes

reform

• to improve or enhance through moderate change

republic

• a state or nation where supreme political power is exercised by elected representatives acting in the name of the people

revolution

• a massive upheaval in ideas or ways of doing something, or the widescale change or transformation that occurs because of it

socialism

• a political or economic theory in which community members own all property, resources, and the means of production, and control the distribution of goods

sovereignty

• the power of self-government, with independence from outside control; autonomy

suffrage

• the right to vote in a political election