LEQ and DBQ

DBQ Format- document based

Intro: Historical context + thesis

2 Bodies: USE 4 DOCUMENTS WITH HAPPY ANALYSIS
1. Topic sentence that supports thesis
2. Document evidence
3. Analysis — Explain HOW this supports your argument
4. Sourcing (HAPP) — analyzing purpose, audience, pov, or historical circumstances OF THE DOCUMENT

Conclusion: restate + connection to broader historical theme OR continuity and change OR similarity and differences OR explain multiple causes

7 POINTS MAX

THESIS/CLAIM (1 point)

CONTEXTUALIZATION (1 point)

EVIDENCE (3 points TOTAL)

USE AT LEAST 4 DOCUMENTS (2 POINTS)
EVIDENCE BEYOND THE DOCUMENTS (1 point)

ANALYSIS AND REASONING (2 points)

USE HAPPY ON AT LEAST 2 DOCUMENTS (1 point)

COMPLEXITY (1 point)
- USE HAPPY ON 4 DOCUMENTS FOR DOUBLE POINTS

LEQ FORMAT- NO DOCUMENTS

Intro: Historical context + thesis + 2-3 examples

2 bodies:

Topic sentence
Give 2 Example
Analysis

Option 1: 1200-1750 Option 2: 1450-1900 Option 3: 1750-2001

Comparison, causation, CCOT

Each LEQ tests one historical reasoning skill.

Comparison: Focus on 2-3 significant similarities or differences

Identify specific points of comparison
Explain why similarities/differences matter
Analyze causes of similarities/differences
Avoid superficial comparisons
Example: Comparing Ottoman and Safavid empires, both used religious legitimacy to consolidate power but applied it differently - Ottomans through pragmatic tolerance via the millet system, Safavids through enforced Shi'a conversion.

Causation: Identify multiple causes or effects, analyze their relationships

Distinguish immediate from underlying causes
Show how causes interacted
Address both intended and unintended effects
Example: For Industrial Revolution's causes, show how agricultural improvements created surplus labor, which combined with capital from global trade and Enlightenment emphasis on progress to create conditions for industrial takeoff.

Continuity and Change Over Time: Identify what changed and what stayed the same, explain why

Establish a baseline at the period's start
Identify specific changes with chronology
Explain what remained constant and why
Analyze why some things changed while others didn't
Example: For women's roles 1750-1900, show how industrialization changed women's work (from home production to factory labor) while patriarchal family structures largely continued, explaining how economic change occurred within persistent social frameworks.

Complexity

Complexity

Multiple perspectives: Show how different groups experienced developments differently
Multiple causes/effects: Analyze how factors interacted rather than listing separately
Link to other periods or regions to show broader patterns

1750-1900 (Unit 5-6)

Industrialization, imperialism, revolutions, and the rise of nation-states

Industrialization & Capitalism

The Industrial Revolution transformed economies, especially in Britain, through steam power, mechanized production, and factory systems.
- spread to Europe, North America, and Japan
- increasing urbanization, creating a working class, and expanding global trade.

Imperialism & Colonialism

Industrialized nations sought raw materials, leading to the “Scramble for Africa” (European states competed aggressively for African territory) and colonization of Asia.
- The Berlin Conference (1884–1885) discussed European colonization and control over Africa.

Colonies offered raw materials to imperial states at a lower price.
Colonies produced large amounts of goods

Economic imperialism: Opium wars

Revolutions and Nationalism

Similarity: Enlightenment ideals such as liberty, natural rights, and equality inspired independence movements.
Examples
- American Revolution (1775–1783)
  - British taxation without representation
    - Declaration of Independence
- French Revolution (1789)
  - Declaration of the Rights and Man and Citizen
  - abolished feudalism
- Haitian Revolution (1801)
  - Slave uprising against French colonial rule due to social inequality
  - led to the formation of an independent state governed by former slaves
- Latin American Revolutions (1815–1820s)
  - sought to end Spanish and Portugal rule in the Americas

Results

Spread of democratic ideas
Ended/Challenged foreign rule/monarchy

Social & Cultural Changes:

Urbanization, labor unions, and new ideologies (liberalism, socialism) emerged.

Change and Continuity:

Women were a large part of revolutions/independence movements

Revolutions and independence movements helped women gained some economic roles but still faced wage gaps and limited political rights.

Industrialized nations grew wealthier, while colonies remained economically dependent

Other Nationalist movements in the 19th century

Boxer Rebellion: Boxer fought foreigners and Chinese Christians, rejected western influence

disliked Christian missionaries, anti-christian

To know for Prompts

Women’s roles

Industrial Revolution

many women took on factory jobs, marking a shift from traditional domestic roles to wage labor.
In response to industrialization, women began to advocate for labor rights and better working conditions, paving the way for future social reforms.
challenged traditional views of women being primarily homemakers.

WW1 and WW2

Women filled roles left vacant by men who went to fight, leading to a reevaluation of women's capabilities in the workforce.

Outcome - Long Term

The suffrage movement gained momentum in the late 19th and early 20th centuries, with women organizing protests and lobbying for voting rights.
The evolving roles of women during this time also contributed to early feminist movements that challenged existing gender norms and fought for equality.

How did industrialization impact women's roles in society and the workforce?

Industrialization led to a significant transformation in women's roles as they entered factories and engaged in wage labor. This shift not only changed their economic contributions but also challenged traditional views of women being primarily homemakers. As more women sought employment outside the home, societal attitudes began to change, setting the stage for future movements advocating for women's rights and equality.

Evaluate the effects of women's participation in World War I on their societal status post-war.

Women’s participation in World War I dramatically altered their societal status as they took on jobs traditionally held by men, showcasing their abilities in various fields. After the war, many women were reluctant to return solely to domestic roles, leading to increased calls for equal rights and suffrage. This period highlighted the importance of women's contributions, helping to advance discussions about gender equality in society.

Assess the long-term implications of changing women's roles from 1750 to 1900 on modern gender equality movements.

The changing roles of women from 1750 to 1900 laid critical groundwork for modern gender equality movements. As women began to participate actively in the workforce and advocate for their rights, it sparked a broader discussion on gender roles that continues today. The struggles faced by women during industrialization and wartime contributed significantly to later advancements in legislation regarding women's rights, including voting and workplace equality, influencing contemporary feminist movements worldwide.

Nationalism

Nationalism was a reason for the collapse of multi-ethnic empires such as the Austria-Hungary Empire, Ottoman Empire during the early 20th century

Austro-Hungarian Empire (collapsed after World War I)

These empires faced **nationalism**, economic weakness, and difficulty modernizing. The early 20th century became a breaking point.

Nationalism created identity and self-determination among various ethnic and cultural groups within the empire. Increased desire for independence, self-rule, autonomy.

Ottoman Empire Collapse

Main reasons for collapse: ethnic nationalism in the Balkans, among Arabs, and others. Corruption and weak central control

Ethnic minorities wanted autonomy and independence

Tanzimat Reforms (1839-1876):

The government tried to strengthen the state by modernizing:

Reorganized the army
Introduced European-style legal codes
Expanded secular schools
Tried to centralize administration and reduce corruption
Angered conservative religious elites