Laban's Movement Framework in Elementary Physical Education
Laban's Movement Framework in Elementary Physical Education
Overview of Laban's Movement Framework
- Key Components:
- Four aspects: body, space, effort, and relationships.
- Useful structure for organizing elementary physical education lessons.
The Journey of Students in Physical Education
- Pat and Alex: Models for contrasting approaches to physical education.
- Pat's Bus:
- Inefficient; lacks proper practices (NASPE, 2000).
- Provides limited success, meaning, feedback, and practice in physical activity.
- Drives towards outdated methods and unproductive activities.
- Alex's Bus:
- Uses an advanced movement-framework engine based on Rudolf Laban principles.
- Adapts learning experiences to national content standards (NASPE, 2004).
- Ensures continuous assessment and clear guidance for students to meet their learning goals.
- Roads of Learning:
- Stages include Games Road, Gymnastics Lane, and Dance Avenue, leading to Physical Fitness Highway.
- Students continuously learn and actively engage in physical activity.
Program Beliefs, Purpose, Curriculum Goals, and Objectives
- A well-delivered curriculum aligns beliefs, purpose, goals, and objectives to guide students to meet national standards.
- John Dewey's Perspective (1938):
- Emphasis on having a purposeful education rather than merely focusing on activity.
- Importance of considering consequences of educational experiences before implementation.
- Common Pitfalls:
- Programs overloaded with activities like poorly organized games and fitness experiences.
- Lack of focus on teaching critical movement skills, leading to deficiencies in foundational skills.
- Core Ideology:
- Identifying a guiding philosophy helps educators maintain consistent practices aligned with their goals.
- Collins & Porras (1997) stress that core values and purpose guide effective organizations—this applies to education.
- Core Philosophy Example:
- Use Laban's framework effectively to integrate health-enhancing physical activity into lessons.
- Provide instruction and assessment that is meaningful, challenging, enjoyable, and enduring.
- Nurture a learning environment conducive to self-improvement and hard work.
Curriculum Goals
- Aim to achieve movement-skill competency through balanced participation in:
- Games
- Gymnastics
- Dance
- Blending physical fitness concepts into the core areas of curriculum.
- Affective and Cognitive Domains:
- Focus on respect for self and others, active involvement, and valuing contributions of physical activity.
- Students should strive to understand movement concepts and learn vital strategies and principles relevant to all activities.
The Movement Framework Components
- Aspects of Movement:
- Body: What the body does; focuses on skills in locomotor, non-locomotor, and manipulative actions.
- Space: Where the body moves; incorporates personal and general space and variations in direction, level, pathways.
- Effort: How the body moves; involves characteristics like time (fast/slow), weight (strong/light), and flow (free/bound).
- Relationships: How the body relates to others; recognizes the connection between body parts and interaction with peers and objects.
Learning Experience Design
- The development of learning experiences adopts a movement framework for ultimate student growth.
- Practical examples of teaching catching include:
- Combining body, space, effort, and relationship components effectively over time to foster skill acquisition.
- Learning is contextual; movement concepts should be explored in relation to games, gymnastics, and dance, not in isolation.
- Organizing Learning Experiences:
- Ralph Tyler (1949) emphasized the need for organized learning avenues to enhance instruction effectiveness.
- Cohesive and interrelated activities promote long-term retention and facilitate cumulative learning.
Application in Content Areas
1. Games Road
- Employs movement-framework in teaching various types of games (invasion, net/wall).
- Integrates body, space, effort, and relationship themes into educational units, enabling a holistic skill-set development for students.
- Focuses on body skills (throwing, catching) alongside spatial, effort, and relationship competencies needed for game-play.
2. Gymnastics Lane
- Adopts a divergence from uniform skills towards individualized movement understanding.
- Encourages efficient body management, encompassing a wide range of body movements for safety and skill.
- Skills learned in gymnastics drive the refinement of various movements in a broad context.
3. Dance Avenue
- Uses the movement framework for children to contact movement naturally through expression and communication.
- Differentiation of dance forms allows students to focus on movement quality instead of rote recall of steps or sequences.
Physical Fitness Highway
- Merges games, gymnastics, and dance with health-related fitness goals.
- Fitness Concepts:
- Incorporates fitness education throughout all units to help students recognize the importance of physical health.
- Leverages lessons from games, gymnastics, and dance to build strength, endurance, and flexibility leading to lifelong health habits.
Instruction and Implementation
- Teacher competency in the movement framework determines the quality of physical education experiences.
- Teachers must remain aware of children’s developmental needs while selecting appropriate methodologies and assessments.
- Assessment:
- Use of pre-assessment to gauge student skills leads to tailored learning experiences.
- Continuous formative assessments provide ongoing feedback for skill refinement.
- Summative assessments evaluate the competency achieved in meaningful performance contexts.