Athletic Training Study Cheat Sheet

SECTION 1: EXAM LAYOUT

1. Multiple Choice: Basic history, sprain vs. strain, legal terms.

2. True / False: Principles, legal concepts, domains.

3. Matching: Directions & Movements.

4. Fill-in-the-Blank: AAHPERD, 4 Settings, Herodicus, NATA 1950.

5. Essay / Short Answer: 6 Injury Stages, Anatomical Position, Team Roles.

6. Diagrams: Directions & Planes (Your sheet).

SECTION 2: COMPLETE EXAM (ULTRA-SHORT EDITION)

PART I: MULTIPLE CHOICE

1. First sports physician?

 A) Charles Kramer

 B) Herodicus

 C) Edward Hitchcock Jr.

 D) Michael Chambers

 ANSWER: B) Herodicus

 TEST TIP: Bubble B.

2. A sprain is an injury to a:

 A) Muscle

 B) Tendon

 C) Ligament

 D) Growth plate

 ANSWER: C) Ligament

 TEST TIP: Bubble C. (Sprain = Ligament).

3. A strain is an overstretching or tearing of a:

 A) Bone

 B) Ligament

 C) Muscle or Tendon

 D) Joint capsule

 ANSWER: C) Muscle or Tendon

 TEST TIP: Bubble C. (Strain = Muscle/Tendon).

4. First official NATA convention (1950)?

 A) Chicago, IL

 B) Drake Relays, IA

 C) Kansas City, MO

 D) New York City, NY

 ANSWER: C) Kansas City, Missouri

 TEST TIP: Bubble C. (1950 = Kansas City. 1938 = Drake Relays).

5. Employer held accountable for employee's actions?

 A) Comparative Negligence

 B) Assumption of Risk

 C) Vicarious Liability

 D) Breach of Duty

 ANSWER: C) Vicarious Liability

 TEST TIP: Bubble C.

6. Complete displacement of a joint?

 A) Subluxation

 B) Dislocation

 C) Contusion

 D) Strain

 ANSWER: B) Dislocation

 TEST TIP: Bubble B. (Complete = Dislocation. Partial = Subluxation).

7. Fracture where tendon/ligament pulls bone off?

 A) Stress fracture

 B) Greenstick fracture

 C) Avulsion fracture

 D) Comminuted fracture

 ANSWER: C) Avulsion fracture

 TEST TIP: Bubble C.

PART II: TRUE / FALSE

1. [ T / F ] A subluxation is a complete displacement of a joint.

 ANSWER: FALSE

 TEST TIP: Circle F. (Subluxation is partial).

2. [ T / F ] Comparative negligence compares fault percentages.

 ANSWER: TRUE

 TEST TIP: Circle T.

3. [ T / F ] Athletic Trainer's main role is central communicator/liaison.

 ANSWER: TRUE

 TEST TIP: Circle T.

4. [ T / F ] An acute injury develops over time.

 ANSWER: FALSE

 TEST TIP: Circle F. (Acute = sudden. Chronic = over time).

5. [ T / F ] Palpation means looking at the injury.

 ANSWER: FALSE

 TEST TIP: Circle F. (Observation = looking. Palpation = touching).

PART III: MATCHING

 TEST TIP: Write the capital letter on the line.

Group A: Directions

 1. Anterior \rightarrow B (Front of body)

 2. Posterior \rightarrow D (Back of body)

 3. Distal \rightarrow A (Farther from attachment point)

 4. Proximal \rightarrow F (Closer to attachment point)

 5. Lateral \rightarrow E (Away from midline)

 6. Medial \rightarrow G (Toward midline)

 7. Superior \rightarrow C (Higher / toward head)

 8. Inferior \rightarrow H (Lower / toward feet)

Group B: Movements

 1. Abduction \rightarrow D (Move away from midline)

 2. Adduction \rightarrow F (Move toward midline)

 3. Flexion \rightarrow A (Bend joint / decrease angle)

 4. Extension \rightarrow G (Straighten joint / increase angle)

 5. Supination \rightarrow C (Palms up)

 6. Pronation \rightarrow H (Palms down)

 7. Inversion \rightarrow B (Foot inward)

 8. Eversion \rightarrow I (Foot outward)

 9. Dorsiflexion \rightarrow E (Foot up toward shin)

 10. Plantar Flexion \rightarrow J (Foot down / point toes)

PART IV: FILL-IN-THE-BLANK

1. AAHPER-D:

 ANSWER: American Alliance for Health, Physical Education, Recreation, and Dance

 TEST TIP: Spell out every word completely.

2. 4 Job Settings:

1. High Schools

2. Colleges & Universities

3. Professional Sports

4. Sports Medicine Clinics

 TEST TIP: Write one per line.

3. 5 Domains of Athletic Training:

1. Injury Prevention & Wellness

2. Clinical Evaluation & Diagnosis

3. Immediate & Emergency Care

4. Treatment & Rehabilitation

5. Organization & Professional Health

 TEST TIP: Short version if needed: Prevent \rightarrow Evaluate \rightarrow Emergency Care \rightarrow Rehab \rightarrow Organization.

4. 4 Elements of Negligence:

1. Duty of Care

2. Breach of Duty

3. Proximate Cause

4. Injury / Damage

PART V: ESSAY / SHORT ANSWER

Question 1: Explain Anatomical Position

 ANSWER: Standing erect, facing forward, arms at sides, palms facing forward.

 TEST TIP: Write in 1 sentence. Hit all 4 points: Erect, facing forward, arms at side, palms forward.

Question 2: 6 Stages of Injury Evaluation (HOPS Prep)

1. History: Ask what happened, pain level, and if they heard a pop/crack.

2. Observation: Visually look for swelling, deformities, and discoloration.

3. Palpation: Touch/feel for pain, swelling, and heat.

4. Range of Motion (ROM): Test joint movement (Active, Passive, Resistive).

5. Stress Tests: Test ligament stability by pulling/moving the joint.

6. Functional Tests: Sport-specific drills (running, cuts) to clear return to play.

 TEST TIP: Write numbers 1 through 6 with a 1-sentence quick explanation for each.

Question 3: Sports Medicine Team

 Two Teams: Primary Team & Secondary Team

 Primary Examples: Athlete, Parents, Coach, Athletic Trainer, Team Physician

 Secondary Examples: Physical Therapist, Orthopedist, Podiatrist, Dentist

 Athletic Trainer Role: Central Liaison / Communicator

 TEST TIP: List the teams, give 2 examples for each, and write the keyword Liaison.